<p>The Court Square–Dexter Avenue Historic District is a 17.6 acre historic district in downtown Montgomery, Alabama, United States. Centered on the Court Square Fountain, the district includes twenty-seven contributing buildings and two objects. It is roughly bounded by Dexter Avenue, Perry, Court and Monroe streets. Architectural styles in the district include Italianate, Late Victorian, and various Revival styles. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 1, 1982. The boundaries were subsequently increased on August 30, 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Contributing properties</h2><br>
<p>Court Square Fountain</p><br>
<p>Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church of Manhattan is a Lutheran church located at 164 West 100th Street just east of Amsterdam Avenue, on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was founded in 1888 as the German Evangelical Lutheran Church to serve German immigrants moving into the Upper West Side. It initially held services in a storefront until money had been raised to buy land and build a sanctuary.</p><br>
<p>The double-height brick and stone masonry church building was constructed in 1908, and was designed by George W. Conable in the Gothic Revival style. In the 1950s, the building was slated for demolition as part of Robert Moses&#39; urban renewal program, but the parish resisted and eventually, after 10 years, won the battle. It became the only structure within 32 acres in its neighborhood not to have been razed by Moses. On September 26, 2009, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Fairmount Historic District is a 409 acre historic district located along County Route 517 in the Fairmount section of Tewksbury Township, near Califon, in Hunterdon County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 20, 1996 for its significance in architecture, exploration/settlement, and industry. The district includes 72 contributing buildings that were deemed to be contributing to the historic character of the area, plus five contributing structures, nine contributing sites, and one contributing object. One contributing building is located in Washington Township, Morris County.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Fairmount Presbyterian Church was founded in 1747 as a German Reformed congregation. By the 1880s, Fairmount had two churches, two stores, a sawmill, gristmill, schoolhouse, and the largest tannery in the county.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Fairmount United Methodist Church was built in 1868 with Romanesque Revival and Italianate styles. The Fairmount Presbyterian Church was built from 1851 to 1852 with Greek Revival and Shingle styles. The small lime kiln dates to the nineteenth century. The house at 397 Fairmount Road, the single contributing property in Morris County, was built with Greek Revival style.</p><br>
<p>The Fairmount Hotel in San Antonio, Texas was built in 1906. It was moved about six blocks through downtown San Antonio in 1985 and was expanded in 1986. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>It is one of few former small "drummer", someone who "drums up" business, hotels in San Antonio used by traveling salesmen, who would stay at the hotel due to its affordable rates.</p><br>
<p>Winter Place is a historic complex of two conjoined houses and three outbuildings in Montgomery, Alabama.</p><br>
<p>The buildings were constructed from the 1850s through the 1870s. The Italianate style North House was built in the 1850s and was the home of the Joseph S. Winter family. The Second Empire style South House was built in the 1870s and was the home of Winters daughter, Sally Gindrat Winter Thorington, and her husband, Robert D. Thorington. Joseph S. Winters first house in Montgomery was designed by Samuel Sloan in 1851 and it is believed by architectural historians that Sloan designed Winter Place as well. Following several decades of neglect, the property was placed on the Alabama Historical Commission&#39;s Places in Peril list in 2004. It was purchased in 2006 by Craig Drescher, who attempted to stabilize and restore the structures. The complex was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on September 29, 2005, and to the National Register of Historic Places on May 31, 2006.</p><br>
<p>In 2018 the homes were sold to real-estate tycoon and bachelor philanthropist, Benjamin Blanchard who saw the property renovation, not only as an investment in restoring the luster of its historical significance, but as a deep contribution to the narrative of restoration and unity the Five Points neighborhood (home to Winter Place) is now undergoing. After decades of neglect and failed attempts by others to restore the home, Blanchard will successfully fully renovate the South House as his personal residence (pictured above) in the fall of 2020, and progressively renovate the North House in successive years to come.</p><br>
<p>The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway No. 1308 is an articulated 2-6-6-2 "Mallet" type steam locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1949. It was the next to the last Class 1 mainline locomotive built by Baldwin, closing out more than 100 years of production, a total of more than 70,000 locomotives. Its other surviving sister locomotive, No. 1309, has been restored to operation at the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad in Cumberland, Maryland.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>While the engine was built in the 1943, it was among the last of a series of 2-6-6-2s that the C&O used, starting in 1911. A very similar design, the USRA 2-6-6-2 was chosen by the United States Railroad Administration as one of its standard designs thirty years earlier during World War I. The advantage of the design was that it could be used on the relatively light, tightly curved, branch lines in West Virginia and Kentucky coal country, and that&#39;s where it worked for its seven-year working life, making the two-hour run from Peach Creek, near Logan, West Virginia to the Ohio River at Russell, Kentucky with an occasional trip to Hinton, West Virginia. Its use in heavy mountain railroading is emphasized by its two cross compound air compressors mounted on the smokebox door to supply enough air for frequent heavy braking.</p><br>
<p>The class was unusual for the time in that they were true Mallets, since their steam was expanded once in their smaller rear cylinders and then a second time in their larger front cylinders. While compound locomotives are more efficient than single expansion, their extra complication led to very few United States railroads using them after the turn of the century. The C&O had a long history with Mallets and they were ideal for slow speed work in West Virginia.</p><br>
<p>After its last run on February 29, 1956, it was stored at Russell until the C&O gave it to the Collis P. Huntington Railroad Historical Society, Inc., a group founded in 1959.</p><br>
<p>The locomotive was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Chesapeake and Ohio 1308 Steam Locomotive in 2003.</p><br>
<p>The Crockett Street Dining and Entertainment Complex is located in Downtown Beaumont, Texas. It consists of five restored buildings built at the turn of the 20th century. They were used for various businesses then, but now host restaurants and various entertainment venues.</p><br>
<p>From left to right, the historic names are: Wilson Building, Littleton Building, Millard Building, Dixie Hotel.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office and Courthouse, also known as the Galveston Federal Building, is a post office and courthouse located in Galveston, Texas, United States. The building serves as the federal court for the Galveston Division of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas. Constructed in 1937, and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001 as Galveston USA Post Office, Custom House and Courthouse,</p><br>
<h2>Building history</h2><br>
<p>The United States Post Office and Courthouse in Galveston is a representation of the Art Deco style of architecture, and the building has represented the Federal government in Galveston for 60 years.</p><br>
<p>It was the practice during the 1930s in the Art Deco style to use regional materials wherever possible. The United States Post Office and Courthouse in Galveston is clad with porous fossiliferous limestone. It is not known where the limestone was quarried, though the rock is typical of coastal areas. It was originally planned that the building be faced with brick. Local Congressman Joseph J. Mansfield and the Collector of Customs, Fred Papst, urged the Treasury Department to use limestone, a grander finish more fitting a Federal building. The construction of the Galveston United States Post Office and Courthouse took place during a period of unprecedented Federal construction. The passage of the Public Buildings Act in 1926 precipitated the construction of hundreds of Federal buildings under the auspices of the U. S. Treasury Department. The Galveston building was built in 1937 on the site of an older Post Office and Federal Building. The earlier romanesque building, constructed in the early 1890s, was demolished to prepare for the construction of the current Federal building. The first Post Office was built in Galveston in 1836. The previous Customs House and Court House was built in the late 1850s but due to Galveston&#39;s growth as a port city, the need for additional Federal office and court space necessitated further construction. In fact, the need was so great the 1890s structure became inadequate in slightly more than forty years.</p><br>
<p>Originally, the building housed the Post Office on the first floor; the postal inspectors on the second floor; various government offices on the third floor; the Customs Department on the fourth floor; petit and grand jury space on the fifth floor; judge&#39;s, USA Attorneys, USA Marshals, and the ceremonial courtroom on the sixth floor; the cotton classifying rooms, Bureau of Navigation and Bureau of Agriculture on the seventh floor. Though some tenants have changed, the basic function of the building as Post Office, Courthouse and Federal office building remains the same.</p><br>
<p>The Art Deco style is uncommon, and therefore, distinctive, in Galveston. Both the design and location of the building serve as symbols of the Federal government. The continued use of the building as a community focal point for postal and other Federal functions reiterates its importance to Galveston.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The United States Post Office and Courthouse in Galveston, Texas is an eight-story (including the basement) Art Deco style limestone building sitting on a granite base. The east elevation is the main elevation, and is the most prominent mass of the building. On the north and south elevations, the building rises to seven stories at the east with a two-story projecting wing to the west. The variation in height is common to the Art Deco style.</p><br>
<p>On the east (main) elevation, the facade is divided into three pavilions by abstracted pilasters. The upper five floors rest on a two-story piano nobile crested by an ornamental string course. Carved eagles perch above the main entry doors at the north and south. The facade of the third through seventh floors is divided into ten bays of windows, with the first and tenth bays being above the north and south entries. The end window bays are flanked by incised pilasters. Between the pilasters and above the window bays are incised panels with a carved USA shield in the center. The pilasters dividing the central bays are incised at the inside next to the windows. Limestone mutules support a simple cornice. The roof is red clay tile.</p><br>
<p>Main entry to the building is at the north and south ends of the west elevation. Granite steps and limestone cheek walls lead to the main entries. The cheek walls have a fluted panel in the center and are bordered by fluted bands. Each entry is two stories in height and flanked by integral pilasters with a double fluted band at the top. The original doors with their ornate Deco design grillework have been replaced by two sets of aluminum, storefront-type double doors. Original exterior light fixtures flank the front doors. These fixtures, flush-mounted in groups of three, are vertical, rectangular bronze frames with scored bands at the top and bottom. The glazing is translucent.</p><br>
<p>The replacement, fixed casement windows, though not identical to the original, are similar in appearance. First floor windows have an elongated central light with sidelights, transoms and hoppers. Second through seventh floor windows are similar except they have no hoppers. The windows are set within fluted cast iron frames in vertical window bays creating an illusion of height. Each floor is separated by cast iron spandrels which feature a scalloped pattern at the bottom.</p><br>
<p>The building retains the seven-story massing at the east end of both the north and south elevations. This portion of the facades is finished the same as the east elevation. The two-story wing which projects to the west continues the stringcourse along its roof level. The west elevation is finished in a similar way to the others except for the presence of the loading dock in the center and the fire escape to the northwest.</p><br>
<p>Significant interior spaces include the main lobby and the original sixth floor courtroom. The lobby retains its terrazzo floors and marble walls. The sixth floor courtroom has full-height walnut panelling at the walls and retains the original cork tile floor in the spectator area. Distinctive bronze chandeliers, of a design reminiscent of "scales of justice", become a focal point of the room.</p><br>
<h2>Building facts</h2><br>
<p>Architects: Alfred C. Finn</p><br>
<p>Construction Dates: 1937</p><br>
<p>Landmark Status: Listed in the National Register of Historic Places</p><br>
<p>Location: 601 Rosenberg (25th Street)</p><br>
<p>Architectural Style: Art Deco</p><br>
<p>Primary Materials: porous fossiliferous limestone</p><br>
<p>Prominent Features: Spanish-barrel tile roof, impassive limestone eagles adorning the building from above, scalloped wall patterns around the windows. The building was also recognized as Energy Star qualified in 2004.</p><br>
<p>Cragwold, also known as Edwin A. Lemp Estate, in St. Louis County, Missouri was built in 1911.</p><br>
<p>According to the National Park Service:</p><br>
<p>Built in 1911 for Edwin A. Lemp, Cragwold is one of four estates built near the Meramec River between 1910 and 1920 by wealthy St. Louisans with ties to German-American and brewing families. The centerpiece of the Cragwold estate is the Lemp Residence, an approximately 11,000-square-foot home, built embracing the ideals of the Arts and Crafts movement. The design of the house and character of the estate grounds reflected Lemp&#39;s love of nature and passion for exotic animals. The house was designed around a large center atrium filled with tropical plants and several species of exotic birds. By the 1920s, the estate grounds became home to more exotic birds, and ungulates (hoofed mammals) from many continents. Lemp operated the estate as an exotic animal farm and was licensed as a Federal Game Farm.</p><br>
<p>The property was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places on December 30, 2009.</p><br>
<p>The Lemp Residence is privately owned and is bordered by Emmenegger Nature Park.</p><br>
<p>The Hi-Pointe–DeMun Historic District is a historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. The district, commonly referred to as “DeMun,” is a neighborhood straddling the city limits of St. Louis, Missouri and Clayton, Missouri. The district is roughly bounded by Clayton Road to the south, Big Bend Boulevard to the west, Northwood Avenue to the north, and Skinker Boulevard to the east, and consists of two subdivisions: DeMun Park and Hi-Pointe.</p><br>
<p>In 2005, there were 441 buildings in the district deemed contributing to the historic character of the district, and nine other contributing sites, over a 72.5 acre area. In 2007, the boundaries were increased to include an additional 33 acre with 111 contributing buildings.</p><br>
<p>DeMun is known as one of the most historically significant neighborhoods in St. Louis, “chock-full of 1920s architecture and peaceful, tree-lined streets.” The neighborhoods residents are a mix of families, young professionals, and students — typically graduate and professional students from nearby Washington University in St. Louis. DeMun is centrally located within the St. Louis metropolitan area and is one St. Louiss most walkable neighborhoods.</p><br>
<p>In addition to Washington University, DeMun is adjacent to Forest Park and conveniently close to multiple movie theaters, grocery stores, large- and small-retail outfits, as well as the cultural attractions of the Delmar Loop in University City and the Downtown Clayton business hub. DeMun Avenue, in the heart of the neighborhood, is home to a number of restaurants, bars, coffee shops, and other retail, all within walking distance of one another, and frequented by a somewhat upscale clientele.</p><br>
<h2>History and design</h2><br>
<p>The DeMun neighborhood was developed on land once owned by French fur trader Jules DeMun and his wife Isabelle Gratiot DeMun, the great-granddaughter of Pierre Laclède. The large tract deeded to the DeMun family by the King of Spain in colonial days was ultimately divided, with the eastern part sold under protest to the city of St. Louis for the establishment of, the western part sold in 1921 to the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod to build Concordia Seminary, and the remainder sold and subdivided for the creation of the neighborhood that bears their name.</p><br>
<p>The district was designed by renowned American landscape architect and urban planner Henry Wright, and completed in 1923, after Wrights 1917 plan for the development. DeMun illustrates what would become known as Wrights “new town” philosophy and planning features. The neighborhood faced inward, away from the congestion and noise of major thoroughfares. Access from busy streets was limited, and streets were curved to deliberately slow and quiet automobile traffic. There were alleys for cars and service vehicles, and sidewalks to get to the shops, parks, and the school, all located within the self-sufficient community. To ensure land was used efficiently, structures were placed on small lots and people shared central green spaces. Considering the unique topography of the highest point in St. Louis, large multi-story buildings were placed at the bottom of the hill, and short ones at the top, yielding a visually appealing landscape and equal access to sunlight and air circulation. Finally, Wright encouraged the use of many traditional architectural styles and a limited variety of materials, so that structures were both consistent and unique.</p><br>
<h2>Character and architecture</h2><br>
<p>Although both the DeMun Park and Hi-Pointe subdivisions were designed as public neighborhoods, there were restrictive covenants attached to their deeds. Wright was an original trustee for the Hi-Pointe subdivision, which had restrictive covenants until December 1999. The restrictions were designed to insure architectural consistency, maintain the residential nature of the area, provide a funding mechanism for maintenance of the parks, trees, and streets, and limit use of the property to those originally designated.</p><br>
<p>Because of the care taken in developing DeMun, the neighborhood maintains a high level of historic integrity. All but 8 of the 305 primary buildings in the district are within the Hi-Pointe–DeMun Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The neighborhood is characterized primarily by post-World War I brick and limestone architecture. In the multi-family areas of the district, buildings of similar size used similar plans, with individuality attained by changing the decorative tile roofs and brick patterns. The single-family neighborhood has a more eclectic collection of dwellings. However, the commonality of size, scale, and materials throughout DeMun, and in each distinct residential area, gives the neighborhood a sense of unity in design. The majority of the buildings have cut stone foundations with brickwork walls that are dark in color and vary from heavily textured to smooth faced brick. The brick varies in color including greens, tans, yellows, and browns. The brick is generally laid in an American common bond pattern. All colors are muted. The mortar colors vary. The predominant mortar color is black, however, brown, red, light gray and sand are also common. Accents on the buildings are created using limestone, terra cotta and bricks of different colors and textures. Many of the original roofs were terra cotta tiles — either red unglazed or green glazed. The other main material used in the roofs of the original buildings is slate. Many of the homes include leaded and art glass windows and doors. The garages matched the homes using the same brick, mortar, and in some cases roofing accents.</p><br>
<h2>Neighborhood attractions</h2><br>
<p>DeMun is located proximate to Washington University, Concordia Seminary, Fontbonne University, and to other St. Louis neighborhoods such as Dogtown, the Delmar Loop, and Skinker–DeBaliviere. Nearby attractions include the 1922-built Hi-Pointe Theater, Forest Park, the St. Louis Art Museum, and the St. Louis Zoo.</p><br>
<p>Morton Memorial Library is located on Elm Street in Pine Hill, New York, United States. It is a stone building in the Georgian Revival architectural style built at the beginning of the 20th century.</p><br>
<p>It was named after a summer resident of the area who became a philanthropist later in his life. In 1997, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is located in the Pine Hill Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The library is on the west side of Elm Street, situated on a small rise above street level in a residential neighborhood a short distance south of state highway NY 28. The ground generally slopes westward toward the divide between the Delaware and Hudson watersheds at nearby Highmount. District School No. 14, now the headquarters of the local historical society, is to the northwest. The Elm Street Stone Arch Bridge is just south along the road. Both properties are also listed on the Register.</p><br>
<p>The building is a one-and-a-half-story rectangular structure on a stone foundation, slightly exposed and faced in smooth limestone. The main exterior walls are done with stone in a rusticated ashlar pattern. Smooth limestone is also used for the keyed lintels, sills, and quoins. At the roofline is a broad frieze and denticulated cornice around the entire building. The peaked roof is surfaced in red slate, pierced by a brick chimney and two gabled dormer windows in the main block. On the east is a semicircular wing with a conical red slate roof.</p><br>
<p>Paired Ionic columns support a classical entablature over the main entrance, centrally located on the north (front) facade. Above it the roofline is enhanced with a balustrade. Three panel doors, with a rectangular light above, lead inside.</p><br>
<p>Inside, the main block is one main room with the stacks and circulation desk. A fireplace with ornate mantel is on the wall between it and the reading room, in the east wing. An iron spiral stair leads to storage space in the attic, and a bronze dedication plaque is on the west wall.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Dr. Henry Morton was a New York City native who, while studying at the University of Pennsylvania, Dr. Morton along with two other students presented to the Philomathean society of the university the First complete English translation of the Rosetta Stone. He changed his career from law to science. He eventually became a chemistry professor and secretary of the Franklin Institute. In the 1870s he became the first president of Stevens Institute of Technology in Hoboken, New Jersey.</p><br>
<p>A decade later he purchased a cottage (this home still stands on Birch Creek Road, over a stone bridge. The home is large and grand enough to be a mansion, as many "summer cottages" actually were) in Pine Hill and began spending summers in the Catskills. He endowed a number of small local projects, primarily roads and bridges. In 1897 he bought a local building and established the community&#39;s first library, known at the time as the Birch Creek Club Library. Within a few years it had grown and he announced plans for a new building specifically to house the library.</p><br>
<p>He died in 1902, the year before it was finished. The library has had some changes to its interior layout since its construction, but generally remains a strong example of the Georgian Revival design in the Catskills region.</p><br>
<p>The St. Francis Chapel  in New Roads, Louisiana, also known as Saint Francis of Pointe Coupee, is a Gothic building built in 1894–95. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It is the third church with this name built in Pointe Coupee. The first was built in 1738 and was the first permanent church in the region. The second church was built next to the Fort of Pointe Coupee and was dedicated on the Feast of St. Francis in 1760. Because of erosion of the river bank, it was dismantled in 1891, and its location and graveyard were lost to the river. The third church was built at a different location, incorporating many of the furnishings and fixtures of the second church. Construction began in the autumn of 1894, and the church was dedicated in May 1895.</p><br>
<p>LaGrange is a historic plantation house located near Harris Crossroads, Vance County, North Carolina. It was built about 1830, and is a two-story, Greek Revival style frame dwelling with Italianate style decorative elements. It has a later one-story rear ell. It features a one-story full width front porch with a bracketed cornice and square fluted columns. Also on the property are three contributing outbuildings and a family cemetery.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Calderwood was a community once located along the Little Tennessee River in Blount County, Tennessee, United States. Established in 1912 as a base for the Aluminum Company of Americas Little Tennessee Valley hydroelectric development operations, the community continued to house construction personnel and dam maintenance personnel for nearby Calderwood Dam until the 1960s. Although the communitys houses were razed after its abandonment, three buildings located in the community&mdash; the Calderwood Dam service building, the Calderwood School, and a Quonset hut used as a theater&mdash; were included in a supplementary listing for Calderwood Dam on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<p>Alcoa began developing the Little Tennessee Valley in 1909 to provide the ample amounts of electricity necessary to power its planned aluminum smelting operations in Blount County. Under the leadership of Alcoa engineer Isaac Glidden Calderwood (1871&ndash;1941), three dams&mdash; Cheoah (1919), Santeetlah (1928), and Calderwood (1930)&mdash; were completed in a remote section of the valley along the Tennessee-North Carolina border. The community of Calderwood was initially known as "Alcoa," but was renamed in I. G. Calderwood&#39;s honor after the company reapplied the name "Alcoa" to its main company town in northern Blount County.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The Calderwood community was situated on the north bank (or Blount County side) of the Little Tennessee River, approximately 41 mi upstream from the mouth of the river. This section of the river is technically part of Chilhowee Lake, which is impounded by Chilhowee Dam approximately 8 mi downstream. Calderwood Dam is located 3 mi upstream, on the opposite end of a horseshoe bend in the river. USA Route 129 provides the only major road access to the Calderwood area. Just past Calderwood, US-129 enters a switchback-laden stretch of road known as "The Dragon," which is popular with motorcyclists.</p><br>
<p>The surviving community structures and the Calderwood Dam service building are accessible via Housley Road, which connects US-129 with Growdon Road on the riverfront. The Calderwood Baptist Church is located about halfway down Housley Road in a wooded area on the left. At the intersection of Housley and Growdon, the service building is to the left, with a gated road (open to foot traffic) continuing to the powerhouse. To the right of the intersection, the road continues past the Calderwood School building and culminates at a boat ramp in the lake connected via causeway to the mainland. Just past the school building, an unmarked road leads up the cliff slope to the Calderwood Methodist Church and the former residential area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>What is now Calderwood stands adjacent to what was once a narrow stretch of the river that for centuries was used as a ford by Native Americans. By the 18th century, the Overhill Cherokee village of Tallassee straddled both sides of this ford. This village was burned by Colonel John Sevier in 1788 in retaliation for the Nine Mile Creek massacre, which took place a few miles to the north.</p><br>
<p>When Alcoa began developing the Little Tennessee Valley around 1909, the Calderwood area was part of a farm owned by Blount County farmer John Howard. After purchasing the property, company engineers began using it as a base of operations. In 1912, a post office was set up in the base camp, which initially used the companys name, "Alcoa." Under engineer I. G. Calderwoods leadership, a railroad line was constructed to connect the base camp with the Southern Railway terminal at Chilhowee (near modern Chilhowee Dam). Alcoas Little Tennessee Valley plans were finalized in 1915, and construction crews began arriving at the companys base camp. Cheoah Dam was completed in 1919, and Santeetlah was completed in 1928.</p><br>
<p>In 1919, the large company town that housed the workers for Alcoas aluminum plants, which had previously been known as "North Maryville," was incorporated under the companys name. The following year, the company renamed its Little Tennessee Valley construction camp "Calderwood" after its able head of operations in the valley, I. G. Calderwood. After the completion of Calderwood Dam in 1930, the construction camp evolved into a community that housed maintenance crews for the dam. Nearly two dozen residences were built, all following identical one-floor plans.</p><br>
<p>After World War II, Calderwood expanded. In 1950, a school was built, and a Quonset hut was installed in the community for use as a theater. The Calderwood Methodist Church was completed in 1954, and the Calderwood Baptist Church was completed the following year. Within a few years, the need for onsite crews diminished, however, and residents began moving away. By the late 1960s, Calderwood had been largely abandoned.</p><br>
<h2>Historical structures</h2><br>
<p>Calderwood Dam was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989, and the dams powerhouse, valve house, conduit tunnel, and penstocks were added in 1990. In 2004, several buildings in the Calderwood community&mdash; including the dams service building, the school, and the Quonset-hut theater&mdash; along with the dam&#39;s gantry cranes and gatehouse, were added to the National Register. The residences in the community have all been razed, and only their foundations and two garages remain. The Calderwood Methodist Church is still intact, but the Calderwood Baptist Church has partially collapsed (the front facade remains). Neither church was included in the National Register listing.</p><br>
<p>The Elijah Miller House is a historic home in North White Plains in Westchester County, New York. The house is an 18th-century Rhode Island-style farmhouse that was used during the Revolutionary War by General George Washington as a headquarters command post during the Battle of White Plains. The house, which is now a museum, was home to the average Colonial Westchester Ann and Elijah Miller family and contains many artifacts for public viewing.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This Elijah Miller house originally sat on a 600 acre farm and was probably built by John Miller in 1738. John had eight children, one of them being Elijah who was born in 1728. Elijah married a local named Anne Fisher and in 1770, they moved into the Miller house. Eventually, they put an addition on the west end of the house that included a parlor with a corner fireplace, a bedroom with a fireplace, a small porch and two more bedrooms on the second floor of the new addition. Elijah Miller joined the Westchester County Militia and died in August 1776 while in camp. Two of his sons, John and Elijah, were also in the Westchester County Militia, both dying of fever in camp during December 1776.</p><br>
<p>General George Washington occupied the house three times during the American Revolutionary War. The first was October 1776 as a command post during the Battle of White Plains, the second was the summer of 1778, and finally in 1781. Anne Miller, a widow, was General Washington&#39;s hostess during his stays. Anne would live to be 96 years old and eventually died in 1819. A Miller daughter, Sarah Miller Cornell, lived at the house until she died in 1838 at age 84. Other people would live at the house and farm the land, such as the last owner and former Armonk Postmaster, Charles Kaiser.</p><br>
<p>After Westchester County purchased the house in July 1917, it was renovated and opened to the public on October 29, 1918. The house is currently a museum under the Westchester County Department of Parks, Recreation and Conservation. Outside of the house is an enormous sycamore tree which undoubtedly was there at the time of General Washington&#39;s visit.</p><br>
<p>By the early 21st century the house was deteriorating from decades of neglect and was open to the public only on a very limited basis. In 2010 the county legislature passed a $1.2 million bond issue to finance its restoration. County executive Robert Astorino, who had supported preserving the building five years earlier as a member of the legislature, vetoed the measure, saying it should be supported by private funds. Due to the hard work of Friends of the Miller House/Washingtons Headquarters and Daughters of Libertys Legacy, Westchester County in May 2017 announced that up to $2 million of funds will be made available to renovate the house.</p><br>
<p>Hillcrest Hotel, also known as the Hillcrest Arms Apartment Hotel, is a historic building in Toledo, Ohio, United States. It has nine floors and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. It is located at 1601-1621 Madison Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The Hillcrest was built in 1929. Authors, artists, and business people stayed in the hotel, including Amelia Earhart in 1933. She had an arrow painted on the roof to assist pilots in locating the local airfield.</p><br>
<p>The hotel closed in 1990. The building was used as an interdenominational Christian center to help homeless people and substance abusers before a 1994 fire closed it. and is expected to be "on the hook" for $6.7 million as the building was to be sold in foreclosure in 2009.</p><br>
<p>The Riverview Terrace Historic District is a 15.2 acre historic district in Davenport, Iowa, United States, that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It was listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties in 1993. The neighborhood was originally named Burrow&#39;s Bluff and Lookout Park and contains a three-acre park on a large hill.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>In 1984, the district included 21 buildings deemed to contribute to the historic character of the area, and one other contributing site. The neighborhood has local significance as being one of the few developed at the turn of the twentieth century with a park as the focal point.</p><br>
<p>Riverview Terrace runs along Clay Street from Fillmore Street northwest a few blocks to the edge of the former Marycrest College campus. On the south side of the neighborhood is Riverview Terrace Park. The park is a large steep hill, and offers a view of the river and Rock Island, Illinois. The area around the park contains large Italianate, Georgian, and Federal style houses. Beyond the park are smaller houses in the Bungalow and American Craftsman styles along with brick streets.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first house built in the district was J.M.D. Burrows house. Named Clifton, it is an Italianate house that was built in 1853. It remained the only house in the area until the 1880s. At that time it was joined by two Italian Villa-style homes, the Samuel Hoffman House (1401 Clay St.) and the Henry Petersen House (1012 Marquette). They were joined by houses for prominent German-American families that were significant in Davenports 19th century commercial and industrial development such as the Schrickers (pearl button manufacturing), Muellers (lumber milling), Strucks (banking), and the Petersens (retail merchandising). Many of these families had previously settled in the Hamburg neighborhood. The Schrickers built two of the citys finest examples of the Georgian Revival style, the John C. Schricker House (1896) and the Selma Schricker House (1902).</p><br>
<p>The land that the park sits on was acquired by the Davenport Board of Parks Commissioners in 1894. At that time it was called Lookout Park and was renamed Riverview Terrace shortly after 1900. It, along with Prospect Park, was part of a city program to develop public parks throughout Davenport. Unlike the Prospect Park neighborhood, which developed mostly large and fashionable residences, Riverview Terrace included construction of more modest-sized homes in the Foursquare and Craftsman styles that dominate the western portion of Clay Street. The Max Petersen and Kuno Struck houses were disconnected from the Riverview Terrace neighborhood when Marycrest College was established on their properties by the Catholic Diocese of Davenport in the 1930s.</p><br>
<p>Silkville is a ghost town in Williamsburg Township, Franklin County, Kansas, United States. It was located approximately 2 miles southwest of Williamsburg at the intersection of USA 50 highway and Arkansas Road.</p><br>
<p>The settlement was founded in the late 1800s by a Frenchman named Ernest de Boissière, who believed in Fourierian utopian socialism. Silkville was a sericulture-based settlement, and remuneration was based what each settler could produce. Silkvilles silk was praised at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, but loss of settlers and difficulty in selling the silk resulted in the settlements collapse. Today, only a few buildings remain.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Silkville was established in 1870 by a Frenchman named Ernest de Boissière, who was born in 1810 to an ancient French aristocratic family. Boissière espoused radical political opinions inspired by the utopian socialist philosophy of Charles Fourier. This put him in danger with Napoleon III, who came into power in 1851 and named himself emperor of the Second French Empire. Soon thereafter, Boissière was forced into exile and moved to America, where he first settled in the port city of New Orleans. In this new city, he set up a shipping line. However, because he poured some of his money into supporting orphaned black children, he garnered heavy criticism from wealthy whites; desiring to escape the hostile opinions of his neighbors, Boissière was left with no choice but to leave the American South. He then decided to move to Franklin County, Kansas, an area he believed was well-suited for establishing a utopic community. In 1869, Boissière purchased between 3000 and 3500 acres of land in the county from the Kansas Educational Association of the Methodist Episcopal Church and went about setting up his intentional settlement.</p><br>
<p>After operating under myriad names, including Kansas Cooperative Farm, Prairie Home, and Valeton, Boissière&#39;s colony came to be known as Silkville, as it was intended to be a Fourierian commune that survived via silk production. These groves were later joined by hundreds of peach, apple and ailanthus trees, as well as over a thousand grape vines. To educate the children of the colony, Boissière established a school that, according to author and historian Daniel Fitzgerald, was "the first in Kansas in which the instructors attempted to teach the contemporary world literature of the day".</p><br>
<p>Boissière structured his colony so that remuneration was based on what each settler could produce, thereby rewarding the efficient labor of assiduous workers. Upon its founding, 40 French emigrants settled at the colony, each paying 100 dollars to be a part of the commune. Over the years, many members left. To compensate, Boissière shifted production towards butter, cheese, and the raising of livestock. While this kept the settlement afloat for a few years, Silkville eventually collapsed and its members dispersed.</p><br>
<h3>Remains</h3><br>
<p>Today, little remains of Silkville, and only three stone structures survive: the settlements school house, and two barns. One of the modern day barns was once the settlements cocoonery, although it was reduced to a one-level building after a tornado damaged the top floor. The aspects of the community seen as most significant historically were its nature as an intentional community and its practice of sericulture.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Its elevation is 1,161 feet (354 m), and it is located at 38&deg;27&prime;0&Prime;N latitude, 95&deg;29&prime;21&Prime;W longitude (38.4500149, -95.4891477).</p><br>
<p>The Tuskegee Veterans Administration Medical Center began in 1923 as an old soldiers&#39; home in Tuskegee, Alabama. It was originally called the Tuskegee Home, part of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers system.</p><br>
<p>The home-hospital, eventually 27 buildings, was developed next to the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute campus (now Tuskegee University) on 464 acre, with 300 acres of the property donated by the institute.</p><br>
<p>Its medical purpose was to provide long-term care for the 300,000 African-American veterans in the segregated South from World War I; such care was often denied or neglected at other veterans hospitals and old soldiers homes. Medical care of veterans after the war was one of a number of issues complicated by race; the government was struggling to get veterans employed, to develop programs for those who were disabled, as well as to treat those needing medical treatment. Having served their country, veterans wanted the federal government to intercede as they tried to re-enter society.</p><br>
<p>In 1930 three agencies were combined as the Veterans Administration, and the hospital center was put under its authority. Since 1997 the hospital complex has been part of the Central Alabama Veterans Health Care System; it is known as the East Campus of its four sites in Alabama and Georgia.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The home-hospital was developed to provide care for African-American veterans of World War I, who complained about difficulties in getting served in other facilities, particularly in the segregated South. Civil rights groups such as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People lobbied the federal government on its responsibilities to care for such veterans in providing health as well as employment and retraining services. Plans were made to open the hospital April first with a full white staff of white doctors and white nurses with colored nurse-maids for each white nurse, in order to save them from contact with colored patients.</p><br>
<p>The hospital&#39;s early emphasis was to be on treating tuberculosis, and mental illness related to combat and shell shock, the two diseases most often diagnosed in veterans after the war. While whites had resisted giving care to African-American veterans, particularly in the South, once Congress had authorized the veterans hospital at Tuskegee, whites in the city and the state started maneuvering to control the medical jobs at the new facility.</p><br>
<p>At the same time, African Americans wanted the hospital to be a place where they could get professional jobs. Dr. Robert Russa Moton, president of Tuskegee Institute, had to maneuver carefully to maintain local relations in the city, where whites were pushing to control jobs at the hospital. At the same time, he was under considerable pressure from the NAACP and the National Medical Association (made up of black doctors) to help guarantee professional jobs for black doctors and nurses at the center, who were restricted in their opportunities, especially in Alabama. Together with representatives of the NAACP and NMA, he appealed directly to Republican President Warren G. Harding, on the grounds that his party would lose the support of blacks, many of whom had supported the nation in the war, unless he helped them get jobs at this center. Harding directed regional and veterans&#39; officials to ensure that black doctors and nurses were recruited for the center and eventually committed to these positions being reserved for blacks. There was so much opposition to this among whites in Tuskegee that Moton received threats on his life, and made plans to go on a lecture tour. The Harding administration, made Dr. R. R. Moton a sort of referee for 12 million Negroes as to the personnel of the hospital and the Veterans’ Bureau promised him categorically that he would be consulted before anybody was appointed superintendent of the hospital. Colonel Robert H. Stanley, a white man, was made superintendent of the hospital and arrived at Tuskegee two days before Dr. Moton was notified.</p><br>
<p>Members of a local chapter of the Ku Klux Klan marched on the hospital, but their action resulted in a broader campaign by the NAACP and NMA, attracting national attention. Tuskegee whites did not gain the support of others in the South. The VA invited their participation in selection of a railroad route to serve the hospital. By 1924, the situation had calmed and Brig. Gen. Frank T. Hines, the director of the Veterans Bureau, appointed Dr. Joseph H. Ward, an African American, to head the hospital complex. During the next decade, "half of all black veterans who received hospital care were treated at Tuskegee, and all the black doctors employed by the Veterans Bureau worked there." While arguments continued over segregated federal facilities (the NAACP refused to support proposals for an exclusive African-American VA hospital in the North), the civil rights movement of this period helped ensure that black veterans gained access to top care and services, and that African Americans gained access to professional jobs in the health system. Dr. Moton wrote to President Harding and told him that if negro physicians and nurses were debarred from service in the hospital without at least being given a chance to qualify under the civil service rules it would bring justifiable criticism upon him and upon the Harding Administration.</p><br>
<p>The hospital opened with 600 beds and 250 patients. The first medical officer appointed in charge was Colonel Robert H. Stanley, who was white, but within a year, the government appointed African-American officials at the top levels, and many doctors were black. In 1930 the facilities were transferred to the United States Veterans Administration hospital system when that independent agency was established. By 1973, the medical complex had 2307 beds, including those in a 120-bed nursing home.</p><br>
<p>Dr. Toussaint T. Tildon was a psychiatrist, Harvard Medical School graduate and one of the first six African-American doctors recruited to the new hospital. He worked at the center for 34 years, for the last 12 serving as director, from 1946 to 1958. Beginning in the 1940s, he worked with the Veterans Administration and participating universities to gain full accreditation for residency programs at the center in medicine, surgery, or dentistry, in cooperation with the medical and dental schools at the University of Alabama and Emory University. He also worked to ensure that black doctors could get good jobs with the federal government at its medically related agencies and facilities. Many additional residency programs were established at the veterans center during the following decades.</p><br>
<p>In 1997 administration of this center was merged with a VA center in Montgomery, Alabama, and outpatient clinics in Dothan, Alabama and in Columbus, Georgia, forming the Central Alabama Veterans Health Care System. The Tuskegee facility is now called the East Campus of the CAVHCS. The four sites together serve 134,000 veterans in 43 counties in the central and southeastern portions of Alabama and western Georgia. With more care being provided on an outpatient basis, the center has 143 Hospital beds, 160 Nursing Home Care Unit beds, and 43 Homeless Domiciliary.</p><br>
<p>In 2012 the Tuskegee complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h3>Managing directors</h3><br>
<p>Dr. Charles W. Griffith, 1923–24</p><br>
<p>Dr. Joseph H. Ward, 1924–36</p><br>
<p>Dr. Eugene Dibble, 1936–46</p><br>
<p>Dr. Toussaint T. Tildon, 1946–58</p><br>
<p>Dr. Prince P. Barker, 1958–59</p><br>
<p>Dr. Howard W. Kenney, 1959–62</p><br>
<p>Dr. Julian W. Giles, 1962–69</p><br>
<p>Dr. Robert S. Wilson, 1969–72</p><br>
<p>Lucian A. Green, 1972-197?</p><br>
<p>Dr. David A. Tull, 1976–86</p><br>
<p>1997, merger and Central Alabama Veterans Health Care System (CAVHCS) established, with Tuskegee as the East Campus</p><br>
<p>Shirley Bealer, Acting Director, CAVHCS, 2008</p><br>
<p>Linda Boyle, 2016-2019</p><br>
<p>Amir Farooqi,2019–present</p><br>
<p>Carlheim  is a mansion located in the northeast part of Leesburg, Virginia. It was constructed in about 1872 for Pennsylvania industrialist Charles R. Paxton  and his wife Rachel who continued to live there until her death in December 1921. When constructed, it sat on over 760 acre roughly bounded on the north end by the Red Rock Wilderness Overlook Regional Park, the Balls Bluff Battlefield and the Potomac River. In accordance with Mrs. Paxtons will, the buildings and 50 surrounding acres were preserved and organized into a charitable trust to benefit "needy children."</p><br>
<p>Designed by New York architect Henry Dudley, the nearly 20,000 ft2 32-room Second Empire building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 for its architectural and local significance. In 2004, the property became a non-contiguous part of the Leesburg Historic District. The estate of Mr. and Mrs. Paxton was originally entered down a long tree lined driveway off of King Street. Today, that entrance is gone and there are two more contemporary entrances; Wildman Street (normally closed) and the new main entrance that was completed in 2009 at 601 Catoctin Circle.</p><br>
<p>Among the buildings that remain from the original estate but are outside the present campus include the Farm Managers Home (now the Exeter Community Club House) and the stabilized creamery ruins at Red Rock Park along Edwards Ferry Road.</p><br>
<p>The mansion and remaining 16 acre grounds are currently the home of, Northern Virginias premier advocacy, education and therapy organization dedicated to serving people with disabilities and their families. The Arcs constituents encompass all ages and ranges of intellectual/developmental disabilities (I/DD), cognitive impairments, and other neurodevelopmental disorders (to include Autism Spectrum Disorder, Down Syndrome, and Fragile X); and/or neurophysical injuries and dysfunctions (to include spinal cord and brain injuries, stroke, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson&#39;s Disease, cerebral palsy, and balance disorders).</p><br>
<p>The Arc&#39;s onsite programs include,, , and. The Campus is privately owned property but holds several events open to the general public.</p><br>
<p>The major annual fundraising events on the property include:</p><br>
<p>Music at the Manor free concert series (May)</p><br>
<p>Haunted House () (October)</p><br>
<p>Haunted House (February)</p><br>
<p>The Vander Veer Park Historic District is a historic district in Davenport, Iowa, United States, that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Over its 70.8 acre area, in 1985 it included 66 contributing buildings, two contributing structures, one contributing site, and one contributing object.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The historic district consists of houses surrounding Vander Veer Park. The neighborhood is located 22 blocks north of the Mississippi River at the head of the Harrison-Main-Brady thoroughfares, which originate in the city&#39;s central business district and rise above the bluffs. The park is bounded on the north by Central Park Avenue, to the east by Brady Street, south by Lombard Street, and to the west by Harrison Street. Middle- and upper-middle-class houses were built between 1895 and 1915 and are Queen Anne and Tudor Revival style. The neighborhood is anchored on the south by St. Paul Lutheran Church and the Outing Club. The focal point of the historic district is Vander Veer Park, which is a trapezoid of 33 acre. The beautiful atmosphere of the neighborhood is marred only by the density of traffic on Brady and Harrison Streets (formerly US 61).</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Vander Veer Park</h3><br>
<p>In 1885 the city of Davenport acquired the property that had been the Scott County Fairgrounds. It is a significant example of landscape planning, and of the civic improvements that were being made by the city in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Like its namesake it featured naturalistic landscaping, a glasshouse, floral gardens, a large pond, picnic pavilion, and a picturesque bridge. Central Park was the first major park established by the City of Davenport. The year that it opened the city established the Board of Parks Commissioners. They acquired other properties and established residential parks similar to Central Park. The parks included both Lookout Park, later renamed Riverview Terrace, and Prospect Park that were brought into the citys system in 1894. Fejervary Park was acquired in 1902. Other major projects in the citys beautification program included riverfront improvement that created LeClaire Park and included the W.D. Petersen Memorial Music Pavilion, Dillon Fountain, and Union Station between 1911 and 1931.</p><br>
<p>Central Park was renamed Vander Veer after an early Davenport park commissioner in 1911. In the 1930s Civil Works Administration crews altered the park&#39;s plan by removing the corner entrances at Brady and Lombard Streets and at Harrison and Lombard Streets. The original street lights and the iron fountain were replaced with modern light standards and a stone-and-concrete fountain that was operated electrically.</p><br>
<h3>Neighborhood</h3><br>
<p>The establishment of Central Park increased the desirability and cost of the surrounding land for residential development. On the east side of Brady Street are the Central Park and Central Park Second additions that were platted in 1891 and 1896, respectively. The Outing Club and Temple Lane additions on the south side of the park, and two Norwood Park additions on the west side of Harrison were platted after 1900.</p><br>
<p>Davenports streetcar system was electrified and expanded into residential areas beyond the original city core near the river in 1888. The Brady Street line, which traveled from Second Street to Central Park, aided the areas development as well as the neighborhoods further to the east. Established as a horsecar line in 1870, it was one of Davenport&#39;s first streetcar routes and connected the central business district with the county fairgrounds. By the end of the 19th-century, it became a commuter route for businessmen and middle-class office workers.</p><br>
<p>Because the neighborhood was relatively affluent several of the houses were designed by prominent local architects, and three of them lived near the park. Rudolph Clausen, of Clausen & Burrows, lived in a Tudor-style house at 2330 Harrison Street. The firm also designed the H.G. Pape House at 2326 Harrison. Edward S. Hammatt, who designed multiple buildings for the Episcopal Diocese of Iowa, designed his house at 2313 Brady Street. Gustav Hanssens house was located at 124 Rusholme Street. He also designed two Neoclassical-style houses at 2317 and 2319 Brady Street. Hanssen was in a partnership with Dietrich Harfst who designed the Henry Deutsch House at 2101 Main Street (no longer extant) and the C.E. Hanssen House at 2322 Harrison Street in the American Craftsman style. A third house attributed to Hanssen and Harfst is the Henry Heubotter House at 2116 Main Street, which is a rambling version of the American foursquare. Although they didnt live in the neighborhood, Temple and Burrows designed the Georgian Revival E.C. Mueller House at 2136 Brady Street.</p><br>
<p>The Prospect Park Historic District in Davenport, Iowa, United States, is a historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The historic district is a small neighborhood located on the western border of the Village of East Davenport. It runs along Mississippi Avenue from Eleventh Street down to East River Drive and a block east along Prospect Drive and Prospect Terrace. For the most part the land was platted in</p><br>
<p>1894 by the Prospect Park Company. Several prominent Davenport businessmen were counted among its primary investors. The park land was acquired by the Davenport Board of Parks Commissioners in the same year. It was part of a city program to develop public parks throughout Davenport. Other parks in the program included Vander Veer, Riverview Terrace, and Fejervary. The neighborhood itself was developed from 1895 to 1910, and is one of many Davenport neighborhoods around the start of the 20th century to focus around a park. The neighborhood housed many prominent figures, including contractors, physicians, and attorneys. The proximity to and commanding view of the Mississippi River kept this neighborhood fashionable long after the original families had departed. Unlike similar west end and central neighborhoods, Prospect Park has retained mostly single family usage.</p><br>
<p>The neighborhood included three "family enclaves" that are associated with individuals who were active in Davenports commercial and industrial history in the late 19th and early 20th century. The Lanes lived on the upper end of Mississippi Avenue. Joseph R. Lane (1017 Mississippi) was an attorney, businessman, investor, and a one-term Republican USA Representative from Iowas 2nd congressional district. His carriage house is one of the few of its size that remain in the city. One of his sons, Dick (1005 Mississippi), had a large cross-gambrel house to the south. Another son, Reed (1008 Mississippi), lived across the street in a multi-gabled house. The Richardson family lived beyond Prospect Park. They were involved with the Davenport Democrat and the Lee newspaper syndicate. Jenness, who was secretary and treasurer of the Democrat Company, lived in a frame Neoclassical house at 1802 East River Drive. His brother Morris, secretary of the Richardson Land and Timber Company, lived next door in a frame Shingle style house at 1810. The McClelland&#39;s were involved in a major 19th century contracting firm of T.W. McClelland & Company. Wilson, who was heir to the estate, lived at 1820 East River Drive, and his mother, Anna, lived at 1616 Prospect Drive overlooking the park.</p><br>
<p>Other significant people to Davenport economic life who lived in the neighborhood included Charles J. von Maur (1800 East River Drive) and Rowland Harned (830 Mississippi). They were partners in a local department store, Harned-Von Maur, that grew into the department store chain Von Maur. Davenport architect Parke T. Burrows, of the prominent local firm of Temple and Burrows, designed his Tudor Revival-style home at 935 Mississippi Avenue. He lived next door to lumber baron Edward S. Crossett in another Burrows-designed Tudor house. Other people involved in the lumber industry included Jules J. DeLescaille (901 Mississippi) and Ralph Lindsay, vice-president of the Lindsay-Phelps Company (224 Prospect Terrace).</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Houses in Prospect Park are very large, and are set back on spacious lots. The houses are late Queen Anne style, Neoclassical, and Tudor Revival and date from 1895 to 1925. One of the most prominent houses in the district is Hillside, a Georgian Revival style house located on the crest of the bluff at East River Drive and Mississippi Avenue. There is also a brick apartment building built after 1925 at 1022 Mississippi Avenue that does not fit in well with the surrounding single-family houses.</p><br>
<p>The neighborhood is architecturally distinct from those that surround it. Although it also contains large single-family homes, the Fulton Addition to the west dates primarily from the 1870s and 1880s. It includes the largely Victorian-style houses of the Bridge Avenue Historic District. The Mount Ida and East Davenport neighborhoods located to the north and east respectively were developed from the mid-1850s until well into the 20th century. They largely contain small-scale, closely spaced houses of working-class people.</p><br>
<p>The McClellan Heights Historic District is a 188.2 acre historic district in Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, at which time it included 354 buildings deemed to contribute to the historic character of the area.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>McClellan Heights is the largest neighborhood in the east end of Davenport. It is located east of the Village of East Davenport. It runs from Jersey Ridge Road to the Bettendorf city limits, and from River Drive to Middle Road. Dating from 1894 to 1940, four hundred houses make up the McClellan Heights neighborhood. The neighborhood is made up of many hills and ravines. The streets follow the topography which requires many winding roads and odd-shaped lots. The southern portion of McClellan Heights is very wooded which adds to the attractiveness of the neighborhood. Developed from south to north, including four very large mansions built before World War I, the area became popular with upper-middle-class residents. The area was mostly settled by Dutch and New England immigrants. The park-like setting, and proximity to and view of the river, have kept this neighborhood fashionable even today. The houses remain in good to excellent condition. The few brick streets that run through the neighborhood also remain in excellent condition.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The area was known as Camp McClellan during the American Civil War, and gives the neighborhood its name. It was the largest of the five Union Army training camps in and around the city of Davenport. The land the camp was built on belonged to Thomas Russel Allen of St. Louis, Missouri and consisted of over 300 acre. Part of Camp McClellan was set aside to become Camp Kearney where the federal government imprisoned 277 male members of the Sioux tribe, 16 women and two children and one member of the Ho-Chunk tribe. The men were involved in the Dakota War of 1862 in Minnesota and were held in the camp as prisoners because President Abraham Lincoln commuted their death sentences. After the war ended in 1865 the camp was decommissioned, and the buildings were torn down after the Native Americans left Camp Kearney in 1866.</p><br>
<p>The land was returned to Ann R. Allen, Thomas Allen&#39;s widow. In June 1900 the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) held an encampment on the site.</p><br>
<p>There were several restrictions imposed on those who built in the subdivision. One house could not obstruct the view of another, each house was to be double the cost of the lot it was built on, and commercial activity was not permitted. There was also an officer who was responsible for the beatification of the subdivision, making repairs, caring for the plant life and weeding, and snow and ice removal.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Housing styles in McClellan Heights tend to follow a free-form eclecticism that was characteristic of the period rather than a desire to recreate classical architectural styles. Elements of past styles were utilized here, but they were employed in a less literal fashion by using a few details to suggest rather than recreate the earlier forms. The revival styles that were more commonly used in the neighborhood were Tudor Revival and Mediterranean Revival as well as the Colonial Revival forms from New England to Dutch Colonial and Georgian. The Prairie School style is somewhat ubiquitous throughout the neighborhood, but again, not in a literal sense. There are only a few textbook examples of the style in McClellan Heights. Instead, it found its expression in the use of broad roofs, horizontal window openings, and placing upper story windows just below the eaves. Its use was adapted by combining the Prairie School style with the revival styles as well as two other typically American styles that are found throughout the neighborhood, American Craftsman and American Foursquare.</p><br>
<h2>Contributing properties</h2><br>
<p>Diedrich Busch House</p><br>
<p>Lindsay Park</p><br>
<p>The Crescent Warehouse Historic District is a 10.5 acre historic district in Downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. The district is a collection of multi-story brick structures that formerly housed warehouses and factories. Most of the buildings have been converted into loft apartments. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The district is associated with the commercial and industrial development that happened on the east side of the downtown area between 1900 and 1950. This was a transitional period for the city&#39;s economy as it moved from a lumber-based economy to a more diverse industrial and commercial base. During this time new factories, warehouses, and railroad buildings were constructed in the district. This collection of multi-story industrial-based buildings is rare within the state of Iowa.</p><br>
<p>The historic district is a roughly rectangular area with East Fourth Street on the south and East Fifth Street on the north, Iowa Street on the east and Pershing on the west. The southwest corner of the district widens to include the railroad viaduct over the intersection of East Fourth Street and Pershing Avenue. The area was located between two “crescents” that were created by elevated railroad tracks. The tracks that remain are the former mainline of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad and now belong to the Iowa Interstate Railroad. The second crescent was created by a branch of the tracks from the mainline to the Rock Island&#39;s railroad yards north of East Fourth Street. The second crescent and the yards have subsequently been removed. At the time of its nomination, the district consisted of 16 resources, which included 14 contributing buildings and two contributing structures.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Crescent Warehouse Historic District is located in what is known as LeClaire&#39;s Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Additions to the original city of Davenport, which lies to the west. The additions were part of a square mile plot of land given to city founder Antoine LeClaire by the Native American tribes who inhabited the region before American expansion into what is now the state of Iowa. That plot of land is known as the LeClaire Reserve. The city was founded in 1836 and its early economy was based on serving the settlers who moved to and through the area. The main business interests included flour mills, foundries, sawmills, and other small-scale manufacturers. In the 1850s the economy increasingly became based on woodworking operations. Logs from the pine forests in Minnesota and Wisconsin were floated down the Mississippi River and processed in mills along the riverfront. Other businesses such as planning mills, barrel factories, furniture factories, cigar box factories, and ladder factories joined the sawmills. Many were located along the Mississippi River and the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad tracks in the decades immediately before and after the Civil War.</p><br>
<h3>Rock Island Railroad</h3><br>
<p>The area that would become the Crescent Warehouse Historic District was sparsely developed through the 1870s. In 1872 a new double-deck wagon and railroad bridge was built at the foot of Iowa Street across the Mississippi River. The new mainline of the Rock Island Railroad spurred development in the area. They built a new rail yard between Iowa Street and Front Street (now East River Drive) in the 1880s. Car repair shops and a roundhouse were begun in 1887. The woodworking industries hit their peak in the mid-1890s and as other industries moved into the area, the land around the Rock Island Railroad&#39;s mainline became more desirable. Also, after the decline in the woodworking industries the riverfront property in the downtown area where some of the mills were located became LeClaire Park in the early 20th century. The riverfront property on the east side of town reverted to other industries, especially after a disastrous fire in the wood yards near the Village of East Davenport.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1890s, the eastern portion of the district was home to a few small-scale manufacturing facilities for the Crescent Mills, the Davenport Oatmeal Company, and the Reupke, Schmidt & Company Steam Bakery. West of Iowa Street was found small warehouses, small frame houses, larger rooming houses, a tavern, a lumber yard and the former location of Trinity Episcopal Church.</p><br>
<p>The present Government Bridge was completed in 1895 on the piers of the 1872 bridge. The first level of the bridge was equipped to carry electric streetcars as well as other modes of transportation. The upper level continued to carry the Rock Island Railroad. In 1901 and 1902 the railroad right of way was elevated through the downtown area. Four tracks were placed on most of the elevated rail bed to accommodate the 70 passenger trains that passed through the city. A new passenger station was built three blocks to the west of Rock Island Avenue (the present Pershing Avenue). While not in the historic district it proved convenient for the traveling salesmen employed by the businesses that would make the district its home. At the same time that the mainline was being elevated rail sidings were being laid in the streets and alleys of the district to serve warehouse and factory customers. The infrastructure for the railroad was completed by 1910. At the same time, the Rock Island Railroad consolidated their old shops elsewhere and built a new freight station in response to the expanded need for rail freight.</p><br>
<h3>Factories and Warehouses</h3><br>
<p>At the same time, the Rock Island Railroad expanded, Davenports population began to expand. At the turn of the 20th century the citys population stood at 35,254 and by 1910 it rose to 43,028. Another 13,000 were added by 1920 and the population total stood at 56,727. In response, the commercial and industrial operations in the city expanded as well. Many of the smaller firms in the city consolidated and so the number of business actually declined during this period as the number of wage earners increased. These larger firms saw an increase in earnings from $12 million in 1900 to $50 million in 1920.</p><br>
<p>The western and southern sections of the district were transformed from a largely residential area to a mix of factory and warehouse buildings. Six such buildings were constructed between 1900 and 1910 with another six buildings built the following decade. By 1901 the Davenport Paper Box Company and the Kerker Paper Box Company were among the first businesses to build new structures in the district. They were followed by the Sieg Iron Company warehouse (1905), a heavy hardware distributor, and grocery distributor Smith Brothers and Burdick Company (1905). The later building was built on the property vacated by Trinity Church. The Halligan Coffee Company built a new office and warehouse building in 1907 at the corner of East Fourth and Iowa Streets. The freight building was the sixth building built in that decade.</p><br>
<p>In 1911 the Preston, Sickles and Nutting Company, a wholesale hardware company, started construction of a six-story building on the northeast corner of Rock Island and East Fifth Streets. On January 25, 1915, the Crescent Macaroni and Cracker Company building on Iowa Street was destroyed in a fire. The building had been built as the original Burtis House Hotel. They replaced their factory with a new building that was completed within 18 months. At the same time across Iowa Street, the Sieg Company was expanding and built a new office building. The same year the Ewert and Richter Express and Storage Company, which already had a four-story building on East Fourth Street, was building a new six-story addition next door. The older building was destroyed in a fire on February 8, 1933. That same year a new three-story building, designed to match the 1915 building, was designed and constructed.</p><br>
<p>The Great Depression saw a decline in the local economy. Davenport, however, continued to be an important regional jobbing center with 62.6 percent of the bi-state wholesale business headquartered in the city. The wholesale businesses contributed $50 million to the local economy in 1940. After World War II the Crescent Macaroni and Cracker Company, Halligan Coffee Company, Smith Brothers and Burdick Company, Sieg Company, Marbury Coats factory, General Electric Company distributorship, Schlegel Drug Stores wholesale division, Buhrer Brokerage Company food brokers, and Frank Lewis Company food brokers were all headquartered in the district. The last building built in the Crescent Warehouse Historic District was an automobile showroom for Vincent J. Neu Oldsmobile in 1950. The single-story building on the northwest corner of East Fourth and Iowa Streets housed the dealership for only nine years when the dealership&#39;s rapid growth forced it to move outside the central business district.</p><br>
<h3>Loft Apartments</h3><br>
<p>The buildings in the district continued to house a variety of businesses over the years. Although its ownership changed several times, the Crescent Macaroni and Cracker Company remained in operation until 1991. In 2003 The Alexander Company of Madison, Wisconsin started the process of converting several of the structures into loft apartment buildings. The Crescent building and the former Rock Island freight house (also known as the Waterloo Mills building) were converted into 73 units in 2005 and are now known as the Davenport Lofts. The Ewert and Richter warehouse buildings became a 56 unit complex that was completed in 2007 and is now known as 4th Street Lofts. The Kerker building was converted into 18 units in 2012 and is called the Kerker Lofts. That same year Restoration St. Louis, who had already renovated the Hotel Blackhawk and the Forrest Block in downtown Davenport, bought the Smith Brothers and Burdick Company building to convert into loft apartments, which opened in January 2015 as the Market Lofts with 37 units. In 2014 the Alexander Company converted the Sieg Iron building on Iowa Street into a 33 unit apartment building. Y & J Properties completed a $6.5 million renovation of the Halligan Coffee Company building into 45 market-rate lofts in April 2015. The following month the Crescent Electric Company building and the Sieg Iron Company building, contiguous buildings on East Fifth Street, received $3.1 million in historic tax credits from the state of Iowa. They are the last two buildings in the district to be renovated. Renovations to the buildings were completed in the spring of 2018 and the 62 units opened as the Pershing Hill Lofts.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The buildings in the district include multi-story wholesale and transfer warehouses, large and small-scale multi-story factories, and small-scale mixed-use buildings. Some of Davenport&#39;s most prominent architectural firms contributed buildings. Most of the buildings were built in the Vernacular commercial style. These structures feature segmental brick window arches, stone lintels, and brick corbelling along the cornice line. The first Sieg Iron Company building at 312 East Fifth Street and the Davenport Paper Box Company building at 310 East Fourth Street exemplify this style. The Smith Brothers and Burdick Company building at 427 Pershing Avenue and the Halligan Coffee Company building at 402 East Fourth Street were designed in the Neoclassical style. They were the product of Temple, Burrows, and McLane. Both buildings have a main floor and a cornice that are set off by stone and metal Classical ornamentation. In between is a multi-story shaft that contains segmental and flat-arched windows. The Sickles, Preston and Nutting Company building at 511 Pershing Avenue and the second Sieg Iron Company building at 500 Iowa Street were designed by Davenport architect Arthur Ebeling. They are typical of his style which features simple, functional buildings with minimal ornamentation and practical floor plans. The Davenport architectural firm of Clausen & Kruse contributed the Crescent Macaroni and Cracker Company building at 427 Iowa Street and both Ewert and Richter Transfer and Storage Company buildings at 320 East Fourth Street.</p><br>
<p>The two railroad-related structures in the Crescent Warehouse Historic District include the railroad bridge over the intersection of East Fourth Street and Pershing Avenue and the remaining section of the rail bed. The bridge is a Warren through-truss bridge. There is a similar span over the intersection of East Third and Iowa Streets in the Davenport Motor Row and Industrial Historic District. The second contributing structure is approximately 200 ft of the second elevated crescent-shaped rail bed. It lies to the north of East Fourth Street in the southeast corner of the district. The rest of the berm and the bridge that spanned Fourth Street were removed in the 1970s. The original stone bridge abutments on the north side of Fourth Street remain in a deteriorated condition and without the facing stone.</p><br>
<p>The Lenox Hotel is a historic building located in Lenox, Iowa, United States. The original Lenox hotel had been built in 1874, and was destroyed in a fire in 1912. Local businessmen formed the Lenox Hotel Company to construct a new building in its place. Vern Dunlap was the general contractor who built the new hotel, which was completed in 1916. An addition was built onto the back of the building sometime in the 1960s. The lower level commercial space housed the White Way Cafe from 1942 until it closed in 1979. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. The Lenox hotel is a three-story brick structure with a prominent front porch. The porch is elevated 3.5 ft above the street level, and it features a double staircase.</p><br>
<p>The Benjamin Blacksmith Shop is a blacksmithy and museum, in operation since before 1885, located adjacent to the Biddle House on Market Street on Mackinac Island in the USA state of Michigan. It is part of Mackinac Island State Park. Mackinac Island is known for its local ordinances that forbid privately operated motor vehicles and encourage widespread use of horses, and this smithy displays and celebrates examples of the craft of horseshoeing.</p><br>
<h2>History and today</h2><br>
<p>The Star Blacksmith Shop was bought by blacksmith-postmaster Robert Benjamin in 1885. At that time, and for 80 years thereafter, it operated at a slightly different location on Market Street. Mackinac Islands population was not big enough to allow the Benjamin family to specialize in the work done by the shop. It operated as a mixed smithy, performing craft forge operations and horseshoeing for the Islands large summer and smaller winter populations.</p><br>
<p>After blacksmith Herbert Benjamin&#39;s death in 1965, the Benjamin Blacksmith Shop was threatened with closure. In 1968, heir Robert "Bob" Benjamin donated the shop and its fittings to the Mackinac Island State Park Commission, which moved the building to its present location adjacent to the Biddle House and restored it to its appearance in the 1950s.</p><br>
<p>As a tourist attraction starting in 1968, the Benjamin Blacksmith Shop largely ended its horseshoeing work (which continued at other locations on Mackinac Island) and specialized in craft metalwork. Blacksmiths can be seen at this location throughout the State Park&#39;s period of full summer operations, forging mild steel items and implements for use by the State Park and sale to the public.</p><br>
<p>Admission is by Fort Mackinac ticket. Since 1985, the Shop has hosted an annual Blacksmith Convention, usually held on the first weekend in August.</p><br>
<p>The Frederick Kindleberger Stone House and Barn is a historic farmstead in the rural southeastern region of the USA state of Ohio. Located near the village of Clarington in Monroe County, the complex is distinguished by its heavy masonry architecture, and it has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<p>Born in Bavaria in 1835, Frederick Kindleberger emigrated to Monroe County and became one of Switzerland Township&#39;s larger landholders, owning a farm that eventually surpassed 200 acre. In this rural area, most construction employed lighter materials; barns, for example, were virtually all frame structures, and the occasional exceptions were log structures. As a stonemason, Kindleberger decided to construct his farmstead in the medium to which he was accustomed: the house and barn are constructed of sandstone with slate roofs, and only occasional elements are fashioned of wood. His house is a one-and-one-half-story building constructed in the shape of the letter "H&quot a porch is placed on one end, sheltering a door and window, while two windows overlook the porch roof. On the long sides, a pair of windows is placed at the end of each extension, while the deeply recessed center includes both fenestration and an entrance. At the sides, the roof is steeply pitched, but a line of short windows sits atop each section of the roof, with a nearly flat roofline above the windows.</p><br>
<p>Kindleberger constructed his house and barn in 1873 and 1883 respectively. Throughout their history, they have been recognized as critical components of the built environment of Monroe County and southeastern Ohio. In 1980, the complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying both because of its architecture and because of its place in local history.</p><br>
<p>The William Winter Stone House is a historic residence in Clermont County, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the dawn of the nineteenth century , it was home to some of the area&#39;s first settlers, and it has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<p>Born in Virginia, Mordecai Winters and his family moved to the Northwest Territory at the end of the eighteenth century, becoming established in Williamsburg by 1800. Mordecai was a revolutionary war veteran who also survived being scalped as an adult. The first resident of the house, William Winter, was Mordecai&#39;s son; both father and son lived together in the house following its completion. The house ceased to be used solely for residential purposes during the middle of the 20th century. From 1848 until 1880, the Mount Olive post office operated out of the kitchen, and a general store was run out of a back addition that was constructed circa 1850.</p><br>
<p>Despite its name, the William Winter Stone House is not completely built of stone; the two-story walls are composed of some stone sections and some brick, with a metal roof and elements of wood and stone. Chimneys sit atop the roofline at both ends of the house&#39;s gabled roof. The three-bay facade is pierced by five windows, in addition to a door with four-piece transom light in the center of the first story. In addition to the frame general store addition, the house employs wood for much of the interior; the original black walnut woodworking is still largely present. The overall design is largely typical of the Federal style of architecture.</p><br>
<p>In early 1977, the William Winter Stone House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying both because of its architecture and because of its place as the home of a leading local citizen, William Winter. For much of its history, the house has been an informal landmark for locals, both because of its architecture and because of its significant commercial role in what was once a remote part of the county.</p><br>
<p>The Stringer Stone House, also known as the John B. Bayless House, was a historic stone mansion located at 224 Warren Avenue in Rayland, Ohio. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 10, 1974. It was destroyed by fire in 1982.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1836 by John Brown Bayless, an abolitionist from Maryland. The interior was decorated with murals by an Italian artist, including a waterfall beside the stairs, William Penn&#39;s treaty with the Indians, a castle in England, and a gristmill and mill workers. In 1860 it was purchased by Jefferson D. Stringer. Rutherford B. Hayes visited it in 1876, during his term as governor of Ohio.</p><br>
<p>Bayless constructed a three-and-a-half-story building out of gray sandstone. Much about the design was unusual: he placed the main entrances on the second story, the stone chimneys on each end consisted of attached pairs, and the house faced away from the road. The largest exception to the house&#39;s almost complete stone construction was a small wooden porch surrounding the front entrance; it was accessed by a set of stone steps.</p><br>
<p>The house was destroyed by a fire in 1982. the site remained vacant.</p><br>
<p>The State Arsenal, built in 1913 in Lincoln, Nebraska, was the first permanent facility provided by the Nebraska Legislature for support of the Nebraska National Guard, successor to the Nebraska Militia. The two-story, rectangular, concrete and brick building with a basement was used by the guard as a warehouse until 1963, when it was transferred to the state fair board. On January 1, 2010, the state fair board transferred ownership of the arsenal building and the surrounding property to the University of Nebraska.</p><br>
<p>The building was the former site of the Nebraska National Guard Museum, which moved to a new location in Seward, Nebraska, in 2014.</p><br>
<p>St. Anthony&#39;s Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in Padua, an unincorporated community in Washington Township, Mercer County, Ohio, United States. Built in the late nineteenth century, it remains the home of a functioning congregation, and it has been recognized as a historically significant building because of its architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>Founded in 1848, Padua is one of the oldest communities in the region. No church existed in Padua in its first few years; in order to hear Mass, the Catholics of the community typically traveled to Minster, over 20 miles (35 km) away. Itinerant priests from the Society of the Precious Blood visited the church occasionally; lacking a priest on many Sundays, the people often found it necessary to travel to St. Peter&#39;s Church, 6 miles (10 km) away, for worship.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>By the 1870s, the congregation had grown to the point that the old log church had become too small to hold its parishioners. After a member, Gerhard Homann, donated land slightly south of the original church, preparations for construction began in 1873. At this time, workers began to bring stone from New Bremen for the church&#39;s foundation, while others began to make bricks at the site of the future church. Local architect Anton DeCurtins designed the new structure, which was built by a Mr. Van Oss of Minster. Under their leadership, construction was completed in 1875 and the building was finished in 1879.</p><br>
<p>The single-story church was erected atop a basement; its walls were faced with a stretcher bond, and the gabled roof was finished with slates. Among its most distinctive elements are the square pilasters on each corner of the building&#39;s facade. Inside, many of the walls of the sanctuary were decorated with frescoes, and it was lit by stained glass windows donated by members of the congregation. The sanctuary was further enriched by the installation of a large high altar in 1880 and a pipe organ in 1900.</p><br>
<p>Architectural historians have divided the Precious Blood-related churches of western Ohio into multiple generations. Only a few buildings remain from the first generation, which consisted primarily of small wooden churches, and only St. Johns Church in Fryburg remains essentially unchanged. Replacing these wooden buildings were the churches of the second generation, which were generally small brick buildings without tall spires. St. Anthonys simple brick walls and rectangular floorplan places it in the second generation; its large tower, atypical of second-generation churches, is the result of an expansion in 1900, which also included the enlargement of the sacristy and the addition of frescoes on the ceiling. It is not the only church in the region that has been expanded vertically; the first-generation St. Augustine&#39;s Catholic Church in Minster now includes massive twin towers, which were added more than 25 years after the church was built.</p><br>
<p>Located near the church are a former rectory, built in 1900, and a former parish school, while an older cemetery is located near the site of the parish&#39;s original building, approximately ¼ mile north of the present church.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>An architectural survey performed in 1977 rated both the interior and the exterior of the church in good condition. Two years later, the church was recognized for its architecture and its high quality of preservation when it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. Thirty-three other buildings related to the Society of the Precious Blood, including twenty-six churches, were added to the Register at the same time. The church dominates the architecture of Padua, which remains a tiny community.</p><br>
<p>Today, St. Anthony&#39;s remains an active parish of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati. It is clustered with Holy Trinity parish in Coldwater and St. Mary parish in Philothea; the entire cluster is a part of the St. Marys Deanery.</p><br>
<p>The First Presbyterian Church of Aurora, Indiana is a historic Presbyterian congregation and church located at Aurora, Dearborn County, Indiana. The original building completed in 1855 is still used, and is believed to have been designed by architect John R. Hamilton. It is a two-story, rectangular, Greek Revival style red brick building painted white. It measure approximately 45 feet wide by 75 feet deep and rests on a rough cut limestone foundation. It features a steeply tower consisting of a base, belfry, clock, and steeple.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. It is located in the Downtown Aurora Historic District.</p><br>
<p>According to the churchs website "a committee of the Presbytery of Madison organized the First Presbyterian Church of Aurora, Indiana&#39; in 1844" with members of the Hancock, Gaff, Cannon, Kennedy, Lotham, McConnell, and Witherow families and Rev. W.A. Smith as the first installed pastor.</p><br>
<p>The churchs website states that land was purchased in 1848 and the first phase of construction was completed by 1850 "when the congregation began to meet in what is now the basement of the church". Second phase construction was completed in 1855. This included the "Greek Revival" sanctuary and bell-tower and "a four-faced" public clock which was "the official time-piece of the City of Aurora until 1981 when it was formally donated to the Congregation by the city council". The church is said to have had the first pipe organ in Dearborn County, installed in the church in 1860 after "a boat transporting the instrument was wrecked at Aurora and the congregation purchased it as salvage&#39;." "The pipes were made of wood, and the bellows were pumped by hand."</p><br>
<p>The congregation is currently in a "yoked" relationship with Hopewell Presbyterian Church of Dillsboro, Indiana, meaning that the pastor of First Presbyterian also serves as the pastor of Hopewell and that certain administrative and mission functions of both congregations work in close harmony with one another.</p><br>
<p>The Galli-Curci Theatre is located on Main Street  in Margaretville, New York, United States. It is a brick building erected in the 1920s, now primarily used as a store, although some of the original theater remains. It was named after opera singer Amelita Galli-Curci, who summered at her historic country estate near Margaretville from 1922 to 1937 and sang at its opening night.</p><br>
<p>It was built by local entrepreneur Clarke Sanford to house two pioneering businesses in the region, a car dealership and silent movie theater and offices of the Catskill Mountain News. Under later owners, it continued to show movies until 1985. It was modified afterwards for reuse as an antique store, but has remained mostly intact from its period of cinematic use. In 2006 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is currently a mixed-use jewelry store and office space.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The Galli-Curci Theatre sits on the west side of Main Street just north of its intersection with Bridge Street, which carries Route 30 into Margaretville across the East Branch of the Delaware River from the end of its overlap with NY 28 a short distance away. The neighborhood is heavily developed, with the intersection, the village&#39;s center, flanked by many three-story mixed-use buildings of a late-19th/early-20th century vintage. To the north the neighborhood becomes residential.</p><br>
<p>The building is in two sections, 50 ft wide by 142 ft deep. The shorter front section, with the retail space and theater entrance, is a two-story brick structure on a poured concrete foundation. Three of its four bays are taken up by a storefront with glass windows in the center and a double-doored entrance with half-moon glass panels at the south end; the northernmost is the theater entrance, sheltered by a trapezoidal tin-sheathed wooden marquee with the letters "Galli-Curci" on the front. On the second story are paired windows framed by brick lintels and bluestone sills topped by a rectangular decorative panel of brick and terra cotta. The center parapet on the flat roof has a large wooden "GALLI-CURCI THEATRE" sign.</p><br>
<p>The auditorium section at the rear is built of concrete block faced in stucco. Its roof slopes gently from front to back at the same grade as the floor inside. A brick chimney rises from the south section of the EPDM rubber roof. The tops of two wooden trusses, added later to shore up the building, are visible as well.</p><br>
<p>Inside the front block, the store space has its original flooring and pressed-metal ceiling. The upstairs apartment, once office space, has its own original flooring and moldings. Two double doors with half-moon glass panels, similar to those leading into the store, lead into the theater at the end of the recessed entryway under the marquee.</p><br>
<p>A narrow carpeted entryway slopes up to the auditorium. There, a wooden level floor, built for retail purposes after the theater was shut down, remains. Two of the original wooden standee walls set off the lobby in the rear, and show a color scheme dating from the 1940s. The ceiling is of plain plaster, with fluorescent fixtures replacing the original lighting.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Successful upon its inception, the theatre suffered from changes in the national and local economies after World War II. It struggled to adapt, but stayed in business as a movie theater under different owners until the mid-1980s. In 1987, it was reused as a multi-dealer antiques center. While there were plans to convert it back into a theater in 2005, they never got off the ground. Since 2019, the theatre has been a mixed-use jewelry store and office space.</p><br>
<h3>1922–1942: Early success</h3><br>
<p>Clarke A. Sanford, scion of the family that owned the local bank, had taught school and worked as a reporter for the Oneonta Star before returning to the area in 1904 to buy the local paper, recently renamed the Catskill Mountain News. In 1907, he was the first person in Margaretville to buy an automobile. Local lore has it that after having the Pope-Toledo shipped to Kingston and driving it overland to the village, he crashed it into one of the outbuildings on his family farm in nearby Dunraven. Seven years later, in 1914, he and a partner opened the first dealership in town, selling Buicks, Fords and Packards from the new building on Bridge Street Sanford had previously had built for the newspaper operations.</p><br>
<p>On the upper floor Sanford brought another 20th-century invention, the movies, to Margaretville. He began charging admission to silent films that year. His wife made the popcorn. It was successful enough, due to a boom in the local economy and a strong business in summertime from resort visitors, that it needed more space.</p><br>
<p>In 1922 he had the theater built, complete with a player piano. He put the dealership on the ground floor, the newspaper&#39;s editorial offices upstairs and its printing press downstairs. The remaining office space was rented to the Delaware and Northern Railroad. He offered to name the theater after Amelita Galli-Curci, whose Sul Monte estate was in nearby Highmount, if she sang at opening night in 1922, which she did, closing with "Home! Sweet Home!".</p><br>
<p>Sanford served in a number of local political offices, and was later named one of New York&#39;s first Commissioners of Motor Vehicles. In 1930 he added sound capability to the theatre, which continued to do enough business to sustain the car dealership through the Depression. The offerings included live entertainment as well, from touring companies doing condensed versions of Broadway plays, local theater groups, minstrel shows and school and community functions. His son joined him in the business, and by the end of the decade the family was operating another theater, the Maxbilt in nearby Fleischmanns.</p><br>
<h3>1942–1964: Setbacks</h3><br>
<p>In 1942, the railroad went out of business and the newspaper took over its offices. Four years later, in 1946, the Sanfords leased the theater to the Kallet chain on the condition that they keep the revenue from the concession stand, and Kallet invest in improvements. Two years later, the chain began a substantial remodeling of the interior, filling in the orchestra pit to add more seats. The wood trusses that break the roof plane were added at this time.</p><br>
<p>The theater was unable to benefit in the long run because, with the end of World War II, New York City had resumed plans to expand its water supply system and complete Pepacton Reservoir to the south. In the short run, the large construction workforce buoyed the local economy, but, when the reservoir was finished, the effects of losing five nearby towns, including the Sanford farmstead in Dunraven, made itself felt. Television also began to cut into film revenues; in 1955, Kallet had the theater modified again to support the widescreen productions studios were turning out to compete with the small screen.</p><br>
<p>Three years later, in 1958, the Sanfords cancelled the lease and resumed direct control of the theater. The decline in revenue continued, and in 1963 Clarke Sanford made a successful claim of lost business to the temporary commission set up to compensate those displaced or otherwise affected by the reservoir&#39;s construction. He died the following year.</p><br>
<h3>1964–present: End of theatrical use</h3><br>
<p>His son Roswell had taken over the newspaper and theater. He soon moved the former to another nearby office (later to Arkville, the next town east along Route 28), converted the second floor into an apartment and sold the theater to Donald Conine, who in turn sold it in 1975 to Ben Resnick. He continued exhibiting films until 1985, when the advent of home video magnified the effect television had had on the theater&#39;s business three decades before.</p><br>
<p>The auditorium was again adapted for live music performances, and another new owner, the Goths, changed directions entirely when they bought the building in 1987. They put in the wooden floor and began selling antiques, taking out the projection and sound equipment in the process. Later, it became vacant again. In 2005, it was acquired by two new owners who planned to convert it into several movie screens, but were unsuccessful.</p><br>
<p>In 2018, the building was purchased by Icelandic designer Jóhanna Methúsalemsdóttir. Since 2019, she and her partner Paul Weil have operated Kria Jewelry in the former theatre.</p><br>
<p>Oklahoma County Courthouse in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma was designed by prominent Oklahoma architect Solomon Layton and partners George Forsyth and Jewel Hicks of the firm Layton & Forsyth, and was built in 1937. It replaced the original courthouse that was built with $100,000 in bonds issued and located at the intersection of California and Robinson at 520 West Main Street in the 1900s.</p><br>
<p>The building is located at 321 Park Avenue. It cost $1.5 million paid for with a bond issue and money from the Public Works Administration (PWA), "a federal program to create jobs in The Great Depression.</p><br>
<p>The 11-floor concrete courthouse building is considered art deco / art moderne and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. Quotes are inscribed in the "sandy-brown Indiana limestone" and a carved mural depicts "a scene of Oklahoma friendship" between a Native American figure and a Mountain Man.</p><br>
<p>The building is said to be "loosely abstracted from stepped-back Mayan temples" and includes a two-story lobby with terrazzo floor with a compass design as well as abstracted wagon wheel chandeliers and third story overlooks. In 1967 a modern architecture building was constructed next to the courthouse and connected by a walkway.</p><br>
<p>The courthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 5, 1992.</p><br>
<p>Rick Warren is the Court Clerk.</p><br>
<p>The Biddle House is a historic house and fur trade shop space, built before 1800 on Market Street on Mackinac Island in the USA state of Michigan. It is part of Mackinac Island State Park. It is a Michigan Registered Site and a contributing resource to Mackinac Island&#39;s status as a National Historic Landmark.</p><br>
<h2>History and today</h2><br>
<p>The origins of the Biddle House are unknown, but its New France architectural lines and heritage indicate that it was built about 1780, at the time of the first settlement of Mackinac Island by Euro-Americans. The American fur trade grew significantly on Mackinac Island after the War of 1812, and about 1822, fur trader Edward Biddle, a member of the Philadelphia-based Biddle family, occupied the house and refitted it to serve as a home for his family and a shop space to exchange trade goods for furs of the Upper Great Lakes ecosystem, including pelts from the beaver, mink, otter, and raccoon.</p><br>
<p>Edward Biddle&#39;s success in the fur trade was associated with two significant factors: his marriage to Agatha Biddle, a leading member of the Odawa nation who possessed an extensive regional kinship network, and his close ties with the then-dominant American Fur Company (AFC); most furs bought or sold by Edward and Agatha Biddle would also have passed through the hands of the AFC at some point. The Biddles bought the house outright in 1832.</p><br>
<p>The Biddle House, extensively restored in 1959, is part of the Mackinac Island State Park, and admission is by Fort Mackinac ticket. The State Park interprets the Biddle House to its appearance in the 1820s, when it was the prosperous Biddles&#39; family home. Interpretation centers on displays celebrating the heritage of the Native Americans of the Straits of Mackinac, and a reconstructed period kitchen, where the process of early-19th century meal preparation is demonstrated in a working open-hearth fireplace.</p><br>
<h2>Listings</h2><br>
<p>The Biddle House was listed as a Michigan Registered Site in 1960 as #HB02. A historic marker, posted adjacent to the Biddle House&#39;s front door, reads as follows:</p><br>
<p>This house is probably the oldest on the island. Parts of it may date from 1780. A deed to the property upon which a $100 down payment was made in 1822 by Edward Biddle was obtained by him in 1827 from the then owner. Biddle was a cousin of the Biddles of Philadelphia and a leading trader and citizen. For years he lived here with his Indian wife. The house is an example of the Quebec rural style. It is listed in the Historic American Buildings Survey and was restored by the Michigan Society of Architects and the building industry in 1959.</p><br>
<p>Fort Kamehameha was a United States Army military base that was the site of several coastal artillery batteries to defend Pearl Harbor starting in 1907 in Honolulu, Hawaii.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The eastern areas of the fort were in the district called Moanalua. It was royal land won by conquest by Kamehameha I in the 1790s and eventually passed to Bernice Pauahi Bishop (named "Bishops Point") and then inherited by Samuel Mills Damon in 1884. The western side known as Halawa, was the former beach-front estate of Queen Emma of Hawaii. The sandy dunes had been used as a burial site. It was used for the USA Army in 1901, and acquired by the USA federal government in 1907 by condemnation from Emmas estate. It was sometimes called "Queen Emma Military Reservation" or "Queen Emma Point".</p><br>
<p>Secretary of War William Howard Taft under President Theodore Roosevelt headed a group to review coastal defenses, in light of "possessions" such as Hawaii and the Philippines, based on the findings of the Board of Fortifications.</p><br>
<p>Originally named Fort Upton for General Emory Upton (1839–1881), on January 28, 1909 after local citizens objected, Archibald Cleghorn suggested the name be changed to honor Kamehameha I, the first king of the unified Hawaiian Islands.</p><br>
<p>In addition to armaments, a row of officers&#39; houses would be built in 1916, and a chapel added in 1940.</p><br>
<h2>First phase (1907-1920)</h2><br>
<p>Batteries were placed behind massive reinforced concrete walls about 20 ft thick, which were in turn behind 30 ft of earth. From east to west the sites built in the first phase were:</p><br>
<h3>Battery Selfridge</h3><br>
<p>Battery Selfridge was constructed from November 1907 to 1913 with two 12-inch M1895 guns on disappearing carriages, with a range of about 30,000 yd. It was fort building 420, NRHP site 84000975, located at 21&deg;19&prime;5&Prime;N latitude, 157&deg;57&prime;9&Prime;W longitude. It was named for Lt. Thomas Selfridge, the first person to die in an airplane crash.</p><br>
<h3>Battery Jackson</h3><br>
<p>Battery Jackson was constructed in 1913 was equipped with two 6-inch (152 mm) guns on disappearing carriages, with a range of about 15,000 yd. It was fort building 430, about 1.1 acre, state site 80-13-1601 and NRHP site 84000954, 21&deg;19&prime;6&Prime;N latitude, 157&deg;57&prime;22&Prime;W longitude. It was named for American Civil War General Richard H. Jackson. A massive concrete air raid shelter was built in 1915.</p><br>
<h3>Battery Hawkins</h3><br>
<p>Battery Hawkins was constructed in 1914 with two 3-inch (76 mm) guns with a range of about 6,000 yd. It was fort building 440, NRHP site 84000928 located at 21&deg;19&prime;12&Prime;N latitude, 157&deg;57&prime;36&Prime;W longitude, 440 Nelson Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Another bunker built here was known as Hawkins annex, fort building 450, NRHP site 84000948, state site 80-13-1603. Although the smallest of the batteries, it is the easiest to access. It was named for General Hamilton Smith Hawkins (1834–1910).</p><br>
<h3>Battery Hasbrouck</h3><br>
<p>Battery Hasbrouck (sometimes misspelled as "Hasebrock") was constructed from July 1909 to 1914 and was equipped with eight 12-inch coast defense mortars, with a range of about 15,000 yd. It was fort building 460 and NRHP site 84000925. It was directly east of the entrance to Pearl Harbor, designed to protect its mine field, at coordinates 21&deg;19&prime;30&Prime;N latitude, 157&deg;57&prime;40&Prime;W longitude, covering 2.6 acre.</p><br>
<p>It was named for General Henry Cornelius Hasbrouck (1839–1910) son of William C. Hasbrouck.</p><br>
<h3>Battery Chandler and Barri</h3><br>
<p>At the west end of Fort Kamehameha, coordinates 21&deg;19&prime;53&Prime;N latitude, 157&deg;58&prime;6&Prime;W longitude Battery Chandler had two 3 in guns named for Lt. Rex Chandler who died in an airplane crash in 1913. Battery Barri had two 4.7-inch (120 mm) guns, was named for Captain Thomas O. Barri who died in the Civil War in 1863. Construction on these was started in September 1914. Barri was dismantled in 1925 and both no longer exist.</p><br>
<h3>Batteries Adair and Boyd</h3><br>
<p>Each of these had two 6-inch (152 mm) Armstrong guns in casemates located on Ford Island. They were constructed starting in August 1916 and named for Lt Henry R. Adair (died 1916) and Captain Charles T. Boyd (died 1916). A few years later an airfield called Luke Field was built on Ford Island, and the site is now owned by the Navy.</p><br>
<h2>Battery Closson (1920-1945)</h2><br>
<p>Within a few years the armaments of the first phase were obsolete. In 1920, two 12-inch (305 mm) M1895 guns on a new style M1917 barbette carriage that could traverse a full 360 degrees were installed and named after Civil War General Henry W. Closson. This design had a 975 lb projectile with elevation up to 35 degrees and range of 17 mi. It was located about 21&deg;19&prime;9&Prime;N latitude, 157&deg;56&prime;3&Prime;W longitude. Anti-aircraft guns were also added to protect from attack from above. In 1942, concrete shielding was added above the guns.</p><br>
<h2>Use</h2><br>
<p>During World War II, some of the anti-aircraft guns were used in the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. A Japanese Mitsubishi A6M2 model 21 "Zero" was strafing US military personnel when the pilot failed to pull up in time and bounced off the ground, severely damaging the propeller. The pilot was killed instantly when it crashed near the fort.</p><br>
<p>At the end of World War II, the coastal batteries had become obsolete, and most of the military installations at the Fort were subsequently demolished.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>None of the large caliber guns were ever fired except in practice about once a year. They were salvaged after the war. Some other sites within the fort besides the ones listed above were destroyed.</p><br>
<p>The area around Selfridge and Jackson batteries are now used for the Hawaii Air National Guard.</p><br>
<p>The eastern side of the military reservation (where Battery Closson was located) became the Mamala Bay Golf Course.</p><br>
<p>The "Artillery District of Honolulu" (state historic site 80-13-1382) was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Oahu on June 5, 1984.</p><br>
<p>Fort DeRussy Military Reservation Battery Randolf (which now houses a museum) was also included in the preservation effort.</p><br>
<p>In the 1970s the Fort Kamehameha Wastewater Treatment Plant was built on the western end of the fort. On October 1, 1992 its 506 acre became part of Hickam Air Force Base. The residents were forced out of the homes by the USA Air Force and the historic homes were abandoned in 2008 since they were near the runway of Honolulu International Airport despite belonging on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Delaware Children&#39;s Theatre  is a community theatre in Wilmington, Delaware, United States. The theatre company occupies the historic New Century Club building.</p><br>
<h2>Theatre company</h2><br>
<p>Originally named the Children&#39;s Repertory Theatre of Wilmington, the organization began in 1973 with their first production of Pinocchio.</p><br>
<p>The organization relies on volunteers for all acting and nearly all support positions as a community theater. To cover operating expenses, DCT sells tickets and receives state support through the Delaware Division of the Arts.</p><br>
<p>Tony Award winner John Gallagher, Jr. initially played Tom Sawyer as a child actor at the theatre before going on to Broadway.</p><br>
<h2>New Century Club</h2><br>
<p>The Theatre occupies the historic New Century Club building. The organization constructed the building in 1893 and occupied it until 1975. The Delaware Dinner Theatre and Delaware Ballet Company then used the building until 1982 when DCT moved in.</p><br>
<p>Minerva Parker Nichols of Philadelphia, an early female architect, designed the Colonial Revival building with Palladian windows and a gambrel roof. While serving partly as a clubhouse, it also held a theatre which was used for traveling shows as well as civic speakers, including future president Woodrow Wilson and birth control advocate Margaret Sanger.</p><br>
<p>The structure is listed as on the National Register of Historic Places and recognized as being an active place for the womens rights movement. The New Century Club was a progressive upper class womens group dedicated to social improvement and charity as well as womens suffrage. Notable members of the Club included Emily P. Bissell, a Red Cross campaigner against tuberculosis who has a state hospital named after her, and Emalea Pusey Warner, who successfully campaigned for public vocational education and has a local elementary school named in her honor. Other New Century womens clubs formed nearby in Milford and Newark, Delaware, as well as in Kennett Square, West Chester, and Chester, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>Pulaski Park is a park in the West Town neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. It was founded in 1912, and was named after American Revolutionary War hero Casimir Pulaski.</p><br>
<p>Pulaski Park derives its name from the historic park and fieldhouse that was designed by Jens Jensen between 1912 and 1914. 1,200 people were displaced, leading to the razing of a number of buildings while others were moved to nearby locations in the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>The park and fieldhouse were listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 13, 1981. It became an official Chicago Landmark on July 29, 2003.</p><br>
<p>The neighborhood in the park&#39;s vicinity within West Town is called Pulaski Park after the park.</p><br>
<p>St. Henry&#39;s Catholic Church is an historic Catholic church in St. Henry, Ohio, United States. Built in the late nineteenth century, it remains the home of a functioning congregation, and it has been recognized as a historically significant building because of its architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>St. Henry Parish was established in 1839, two years after the village of St. Henry was founded. Served by the Missionaries of the Precious Blood, it was named for Henry II, who reigned as Holy Roman Emperor during the eleventh century. At that time, there were few Catholics in St. Henry and the surrounding Granville Township; consequently, the congregation&#39;s first church building (erected in 1840) was a small frame structure. It was replaced by a brick church that was completed in 1854 at a cost of $7,000.</p><br>
<h2>Current structure</h2><br>
<p>By the 1890s, the membership of St. Henry&#39;s Church had grown to the point that a new church building was necessary. Construction began on the new structure in 1895; while much of the construction work was performed by parishioners, the design was the responsibility of German-born architect, Adolphus Druiding of Chicago.</p><br>
<p>The contractors were the DeCurtins Brothers. Construction was finished in 1897, at a cost of approximately $100,000. An estimate in the early twentieth century pronounced the church the most costly in northwestern Ohio.</p><br>
<p>The church is a Gothic Revival structure, built in the shape of a Latin cross. Its exterior consists of brick walls and a gabled roof, upheld by a stone foundation. The most prominent aspect of its exterior is a massive belfry and clock tower, approximately 200 feet (60 m) tall. Large rose windows illuminate the interior, which features painted and frescoed walls; the distance from the floor to the apex of the ceiling vault is 62 feet (19 m). The exterior design is similar to two other churches by Adolphus Druiding; St. Patrick (1891) in Toledo, OH and St. Michael (1890) in Rochester, NY. A major renovation project in the 1970s led to significant changes in the sanctuary, including the removal of frescoes by Austrian-born artist, Joseph Vittur, statues and its High Gothic altar., designed by the E.Hackner Co., LaCrosse, WI.</p><br>
<p>Architectural historians have divided the Precious Blood-related churches of western Ohio into four generations. St. Henry&#39;s is typical of the churches of the third generation, which are generally Gothic structures with a single central tower.</p><br>
<h3>Stained glass windows</h3><br>
<p>The church interior is adorned with Munich-style stained glass windows.</p><br>
<p>Sacred Heart of Jesus</p><br>
<p>Immaculate Heart of Mary</p><br>
<p>Christ as the Good Samaritan</p><br>
<p>Saint Francis beholding a vision of Jesus and the Virgin Mary</p><br>
<p>St. Gaspar del Bufalo preaching</p><br>
<p>A vision of Saint Agnes</p><br>
<p>Saint Aloysius receiving a vision of the Virgin Mary</p><br>
<p>The martyrdom of Saint Cyriacus</p><br>
<p>Saint Henry interceding with Jesus and the Virgin Mary in Heaven on behalf of parishioners</p><br>
<p>The Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary</p><br>
<h2>Associated buildings</h2><br>
<p>A brick rectory lies next to the churchs eastern side. Built in 1901, it combines a range of architectural styles into an elaborate house. Located behind the rectory are a catechetical center and a public elementary school. An older parochial school was once located on the churchs western side; built in the Italianate style in 1905, it served as a public junior high school after the church discontinued its use.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>An architectural survey performed in 1977 rated the exterior of St. Henry&#39;s Church in good condition. Two years later, the church was recognized for its architecture and its high quality of preservation when it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. Thirty-three other buildings related to the Society of the Precious Blood, including twenty-six churches, were added to the Register at the same time.</p><br>
<p>Today, St. Henry&#39;s remains an active parish of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati. It is part of the St. Henry Cluster, along with St. Aloysius Parish in Carthagena, St. Bernard Parish in Burkettsville, St. Francis Parish in Cranberry Prairie, and St. Wendelin Parish in St. Wendelin. The entire cluster is a part of the St. Marys Deanery.</p><br>
<p>Seven Ranges Terminus is a stone surveying marker near Magnolia, Ohio that marks the completion of the first step in opening the lands northwest of the Ohio River to sale and settlement by Americans. This survey marked the first application of the rectangular plan for subdividing land.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>With victory in the Revolutionary War, the Treaty of Paris granted the United States lands north of the Ohio River, south of the Great Lakes, and east of the Mississippi River, called the Northwest Territory. The US Congress adopted the Land Ordinance of 1785 as a method for surveying, selling and settling these lands. This ordinance established a method for surveying the land into a grid of six mile square survey townships. These townships were to be arranged into vertical rows called “Ranges”. The first ranges were to be measured from a meridian along the western boundary of Pennsylvania. The townships in each range were measured from an east-west line called a baseline. This became the genesis of the techniques used in the Public Land Survey System.</p><br>
<p>The 1785 ordinance called for the Geographer of the United States, Thomas Hutchins, to personally supervise the first survey. It called for Hutchins to establish a Point of Beginning on the north bank of the Ohio River where it leaves Pennsylvania. From there he was to establish a baseline seven ranges wide, (42 miles), called the “Geographer’s Line”, and then survey north-south lines each six miles to mark the edges of the ranges, and then establish the south boundary of each township. After each seven ranges had been completed, the Geographer was to return plats to the federal government for marketing and sale.</p><br>
<p>Hutchins, along with prominent surveyors from ten states appointed by Congress, began surveying the Geographers Line in 1785, but stopped after only a few miles because of troubles with Indians. In 1786, with protection of troops from Fort Steuben, Hutchins resumed the survey. In September 1786, Hutchins placed a stone cadastral survey marker at the west edge of the seventh range on the Geographers Line, a spot later to be known as the Seven Ranges Terminus. After the first surveyed seven ranges had been completed some years later, the survey tract was known as the Seven Ranges, or Old Seven Ranges.</p><br>
<h2>The Survey Marker</h2><br>
<p>The survey marker lies at the corner of four townships, three counties, and three survey tracts:</p><br>
<p>Rose Township, Carroll County, Ohio Township 16, Range 7 of Old Seven Ranges</p><br>
<p>Sandy Township, Stark County, Ohio Township 17, Range 7 of Congress Lands North of Old Seven Ranges</p><br>
<p>Pike Township, Stark County, Ohio Township 8, Range 8 of Congress Lands North of Old Seven Ranges</p><br>
<p>Sandy Township, Tuscarawas County, Ohio Township 10, Range 1 of United States Military District</p><br>
<p>The marker is property of the federal government, but surrounded by private property. It sits about 288 feet to the west of a public road.</p><br>
<p>The granite cadastral survey marker is six inches square in cross section with an inscribed X on top, and about a foot protrudes from the ground. Much more is buried. The Canton Repository said August 7, 2003 that the stone leans somewhat because someone tried to dig it up some years ago, before realizing how deep it is buried. Another plausible reason for lean would be two centuries of frost heave.</p><br>
<p>The Seven Ranges Terminus was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 for its association with the historic significance of Thomas Hutchins.</p><br>
<p>The Goldfield Hotel is a historic four-story building located at the southeast corner of Crook Avenue  and Columbia Avenue in Goldfield, Esmeralda County, Nevada. Designed in the Classical Revival style of architecture by Reno architects Morrill J. Curtis  and George E. Holesworth  of the firm of Curtis and Morrill, it was built between 1907 and 1908 on the site of two earlier hotels of the same name which had burnt down. Built in a U-shape in order to ensure outside windows for each guest room, the building has its west or main facade extending 180 ft along Columbia Street with the north wing fronting 100 ft on Crook Avenue and the south wing fronting 100 ft along an alleyway. The ground floor exterior facades were built of grey granite stones from Rocklin, California while the interior first floor facade and all upper story facades were built of redbrick. The top floor exterior facades were crowned with a white cornice. On March 4, 1981, it was added to the Nevada State Register of Historic Places. It is a contributing property in the Goldfield Historic District, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 14, 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built at a cost of between $300,000 and $400,000, it was reported to be the most spectacular hotel in Nevada at the time of its completion in 1908. Champagne is said to have flowed down the front steps in the opening ceremony. Its 150 rooms were fitted with pile carpets, many with private baths, and the lobby was trimmed in mahogany, with black leather upholstery and gilded columns. It also featured an elevator and crystal chandeliers.</p><br>
<p>The hotel was in use as such until the end of World War II, its last occupants being officers and their families from the Tonopah Army Air Field.</p><br>
<p>At the 2003 Goldfield Days auction, the hotel was sold to Edgar S. "Red" Roberts, a rancher and engineer from Carson City, for about $360,000. Roberts told The Wall Street Journal in 2004 that he had plans to refurbish the bottom two floors of the four-story hotel and open them to the public by 2006. He also told the newspaper: "It&#39;s a challenge. I may regret it." As of 2010, work remained uncompleted.</p><br>
<p>Goldfield resident Virginia Ridgway spent three decades as caretaker and "keeper of the keys" to the hotel, granting visitors access to the building and accompanying them as they toured its floors. In January 2016, Ridgway announced that she was giving up that role and turned the keys of the hotel over to Malek DaVarpanah, who owns an antique shop in Goldfield.</p><br>
<p>In September 2017, the Pahrump (Nev.) Valley Times reported that renovation work on the Goldfield Hotel had resumed.</p><br>
<p>The hotel was put up for sale in 2022; the sale included the hotel and other nearby properties for a price of $4.9 million.</p><br>
<h2>In media</h2><br>
<p>The building was used in the film Vanishing Point (1971) as the site of Super Soul&#39;s radio station, KOW. It also featured in the film Cherry 2000 (1987) and the film Ghosts of Goldfield (2007).</p><br>
<p>In 2004, the American television programme Ghost Adventures featured the property, where cast members Zak Bagans and Nick Groff conducted a paranormal investigation. The investigation became famous for a specific incident in the basement when a brick was seemingly flung across the room on its own, provoking a terrified response from Bagans.</p><br>
<p>Four years later, in 2008, TAPS of the popular Syfy show Ghost Hunters investigated the hotel.</p><br>
<p>A researcher for the Central Nevada Museum, however, notes that there are "inconsistencies" in the stories, and most apparently stem from a book written by a former owner of the property. The notoriety has not helped the hotel rehab and has led to frequent vandalism and unauthorised entry.</p><br>
<p>In 2011, Ghost Adventures returned to the hotel to conduct a third investigation, during which the crew observed a significant amount of unexplained activity. In that episode, Bagans learned that owner Red Roberts was in talks with people who were interested in buying the hotel. In 2013, the Ghost Adventures crew returned once again for a fourth investigation where, like their previous investigations, a lot of unexplained activity was captured.</p><br>
<p>In 2021, Ghost Adventures returned to the hotel to conduct a fifth investigation, during which the crew observed a significant amount of unexplained activity.</p><br>
<p>The Booth Homestead, also called the Booth Home Place, is located at 8433 Wheeling Township Road in Guernsey County, Ohio, United States. Named a historic site in 1979, it was built for one of the area&#39;s largest landowners.</p><br>
<p>While young, James Booth emigrated from England to Coshocton County, where he settled in the vicinity of Newcomerstown. In 1843, aged eighteen, Booth arranged for the construction of the present house; he may have done the work himself, or he may simply have paid for the labor of others. Booth&#39;s design mixed traditional building styles with influences from the popular Greek Revival style of architecture. Shaped like the letter "L", the house possesses a facade divided into five bays, of which the middle contains the main entrance.</p><br>
<p>James Booth was among Guernsey Countys leading landowners; at his peak, he was possessed of more than 700 acre. Upon Booths death, his heirs shared his property between themselves at 120 acre apiece, with his son Milton Booth inheriting the homestead. He managed the property until his premature death in 1907, when it passed to his sister Mary Jane and her husband Jasper Little. Several years later the property came into the possession of Frank Booth, a grandson of James Booth. It remained in his hands until his death in the 1970s, when it passed out of the family.</p><br>
<p>In 1979, the Booth Homestead was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying because of its historically significant architecture. Critical to this designation was its design&#39;s employment of both classical motifs and the vernacular architecture of the area.</p><br>
<p>The Medical Arts Building is a Beaux-Arts style building located at the northern end of Downtown Atlanta. The 12-story brick and limestone building by architect G. Lloyd Preacher, also designer of Atlanta City Hall, was constructed in 1927. In addition to its medical facilities - deemed as some of the most modern and well-equipped when it opened, the building once featured a cafeteria, drugstore and telegraph office. It was also amongst the first to have a covered parking garage. However, its nearly 89,000 ft&sup2; of space have been vacant since 1995.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>In 2001, the building was included on the Atlanta Preservation Center&#39;s List of Endangered Buildings.</p><br>
<p>In 2002, an ordinance was proposed before Atlanta City Council to designate the building as a Landmark Building. The ordinance was passed in October 2005.</p><br>
<p>In 2003, Crow Hospitality Investment Group had the building under contract with plans to convert it into a small hotel.</p><br>
<p>In 2004, a business owned by record producer Dallas Austin was in negotiations to buy the building for possible conversion into a boutique hotel from then-owner Harold Gelber, a Miami businessman who had owned the property since the 1970s. Later that year, the building was purchased for $5.25 million by a group of local developers.</p><br>
<p>On the morning of July 2, 2005, the building suffered damage from a four-alarm fire.</p><br>
<p>In July 2009, large advertisements for Holiday Inn and Holiday Inn Express were placed on two sides of the building although there was no intention of either hotel occupying the building. The advertisements were eventually removed and were replaced in January 2010 by signs for MetroPCS. In May 2010, an advertisement was posted for Crown Royal Black whisky.</p><br>
<p>The building is the only one of 10 structures on Central Atlanta Progresss 2003 list of downtown "eyesores" that has not been renovated or repurposed. Therefore, the building remains on the updated list released in December 2009. The building is included on The Georgia Trusts list of 2011 Places in Peril. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.</p><br>
<p>The Wolf Plains Group is a Late Adena culture group of 30 earthworks including 22 conical mounds and nine circular enclosures. The Plains, originally known as Wolfs Plains, located a few miles to the northwest of Athens, is a relatively flat terrace in an area of hilly terrain in southeastern Ohios Hocking River valley. The terrace was formed by glacial outwash coming down the Hocking River, which became dammed at The Plains and found a new outlet to the northeast, leaving the terrace in place.</p><br>
<h2>Origins</h2><br>
<p>The Wolf Plains Group was featured in Ephraim George Squier and Edwin Hamilton Davis&#39;s landmark publication Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley (1848). Their finished drawing was based on a sketch from 1836 by S. P. Hildreth, and contains some inaccuracies. Some of the clusters of mounds are rotated relative to their actual position, some are missing, and some are misplaced. The Wolf Plains Group was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 31, 1974; at that time, 25 earthworks remained in good enough condition to qualify as contributing properties. In 2008 The Archaeological Conservancy purchased the site of one of the remaining earthworks, the Dorr 2 Mound, using emergency POINT funds; and it plans to purchase more as funds become available.</p><br>
<h2>Destruction of Earthworks</h2><br>
<p>The majority of the remaining earthworks in the complex are privately owned and are threatened with destruction as The Plains community expands. The lack of stringent legal protections for these sites on private property exacerbates the risk of potential destruction and alteration of these ancient earthwork. Recent reports have highlighted inadvertent damage to the Adena mounds within the Wolf Plains Group due to development-related activities. This situation underscores the vulnerability of these archaeological sites and the need for heightened protection measures.</p><br>
<h2>Awareness</h2><br>
<p>Despite its historical significance, the awareness and integration of Wolf Plains Adena culture heritage into local education and community consciousness face challenges. This gap in awareness has been noted by local historians and educators, underlining the need for more comprehensive educational initiatives. Local community groups and residents have shown a growing interest in promoting and preserving the Wolf Plains Group. Efforts such as organizing cultural festivals, enhancing educational materials, and proposing archaeological preserves are underway to protect and celebrate the regions rich Adena heritage. This includes the Indian Mound Festival, which was run by the.</p><br>
<p>The Ysleta Mission, located in the Ysleta del Sur Pueblo within the municipality of El Paso, Texas, is recognized as the oldest continuously operated parish in the State of Texas. The Ysleta community is also recognized as the oldest in Texas and claims to have the oldest continuously cultivated plot of land in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>In 1680, as a result of the Pueblo Revolt, the Tigua (Tiwa) tribe was forced to flee from their ancestral home, Isleta Pueblo, located south of present-day Albuquerque, New Mexico. Some of the pueblo people fled to Hopi territory in Arizona while others followed Spanish colonists as they retreated southward. The Spanish and their Pueblo allies eventually settled in El Paso del Norte (present day El Paso, TX) where they established the Ysleta del Sur Pueblo and where the Ysleta Mission was founded. The spelling of Ysleta with a "Y" and the term del Sur (south) was to differentiate the new settlement from the mother pueblo, Isleta. In 1682, the Tigua people built a permanent structure out of adobe and, in October of that year, the building was formally dedicated by Bishop Salpointe of Tucson and named La Misión de Corpus Christi de San Antonio de la Ysleta del Sur in honor of the Tigua&#39;s patron saint, Saint Anthony (San Antonio).</p><br>
<p>Over the next two centuries the mission was relocated several times due to flooding of the Rio Grande. In 1829 one such flood washed away the structure. The flood also resulted in the river cutting a new course further south and the area where the church had been located was no longer considered a part of Mexico but of the Republic of Texas. In 1897 the structure was remodeled and the now familiar gables and bee-hive bell tower were added. A fire in 1907, caused by chemicals stored in the bell tower to repel bats, resulted in massive damage to the building. The church was rebuilt in 1908 and remains much the same today. The church prospered and in 1918 Our Lady of Mount Carmel School was established and remained open until 2005 when the church closed it. 1962 – Site of first mission in Texas, and 1970 – Oldest mission in Texas. On July 31, 1972, the Ysleta Mission was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>The mission today</h2><br>
<p>In 1990 members of the community began efforts to restore and preserve the Ysleta and Socorro missions as well as the Presidio Chapel of San Elizario, Texas. That same year the City and County governments of El Paso formed the Office of Heritage Tourism and received technical support for the project from the National Trust for Historic Preservation in the form of a grant. The newly created Office of Heritage Tourism established a board with representatives from various local governments, the Catholic Diocese, and private organizations who had been working separately on projects to restore the missions. Two Mexican architects with expertise in restoring adobe buildings were retained with the help of a grant from the National Park Service and they developed a comprehensive restoration plan which was the basis upon which Bishop Armando Ochoa began a much publicized fund raising effort to pay for the restorations. The two missions and chapel comprise, which stretches approximately 9 miles along Socorro Rd. (FM 258) and is considered to be a part of El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro (The Royal Road to the Interior).</p><br>
<p>The Tigua people continue to be closely associated with the church and remain loyal to their patron saint, Saint Anthony of Padua. The Tigua feast day of San Antonio is observed on June 13, with a morning mass followed by traditional dancing. Directly adjacent to the church, the Tiguas built a large gaming center called Speaking Rock Casino; however, after a few years the state government of Texas successfully challenged its legality and it was subsequently closed down. It was later reopened but no longer offered casino style gaming. The Tigua Tribal Government offices are located a short distance from the church as is the Tigua Cultural Center.</p><br>
<p>The church is currently owned by the Catholic Diocese of El Paso and staffed by Conventual Franciscans. For nearly a century, the church has hosted the Ysleta Mission Festival on the second weekend of July. This three-day event is one of El Paso&#39;s largest and proceeds from the event help fund the maintenance and preservation of the Ysleta Mission. In the 1960s a newer church building was constructed to accommodate the growing number of parishioners. The old church is now primarily reserved for special occasions such as weddings, quinceañeras, and baptisms.</p><br>
<h2>Timeline</h2><br>
<p>1680 – Spanish settlers and Tigua (Tiwa) Indians are driven from northern New Mexico and Isleta Pueblo by the Pueblo Revolt. They travel southward to El Paso del Norte where El Paso, Texas, and Cd. Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico exist today. Mexico Governor Antonio de Otermin, representing the crown of Spain, established the Ysleta Mission (Ysleta del Sur Mission) for the refugees.</p><br>
<p>1682 – A permanent structure for the Ysleta Mission was established. In October the building is formally dedicated and named La Misión de Corpus Christi de San Antonio de la Ysleta del Sur in honor of the Tigua&#39;s patron saint, Saint Anthony (San Antonio) by the Bishop of Tucson, Arizona.</p><br>
<p>1691 – Governor Diego de Vargas gives the first official land grant for the church to Father Joaquin de Hinojosa.</p><br>
<p>1693 – The church was renamed Corpus Christi de los Tiguas de Ysleta by Governor Diego de Vargas under the authority of King Charles II of Spain.</p><br>
<p>1740s, 1829 – Flooding of the Rio Grande damaged/destroyed the mission.</p><br>
<p>1874 – The first formal property deed for the church was granted to Bishop Salpointe of Tucson. This deed outlined the boundaries of the churchs property and remain the same today. French clergy petitioned the Bishop of Tucson to change the churchs name to Our Lady of Mount Carmel.</p><br>
<p>1881-1891,1894-1990 – The church was administered by Jesuits from Mexico Province, Mexico City, Mexico.</p><br>
<p>1907 – Fire caused massive damage to the church structure. It was rebuilt the following year.</p><br>
<p>1919–1921 – Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (México-Cuba Province, El Paso, Texas and United States Province, Los Angeles, California) established and staffed Our Lady of Mount Carmel School (Tiwa).</p><br>
<p>1922–1980s – Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word from the New Orleans, Louisiana, province staffed the school.</p><br>
<p>1980s–2005 – Lay teachers and Sisters of Charity of the Incarnate Word staffed the school.</p><br>
<p>1990–1992 – The church became a parish and was administered by diocesan priests.</p><br>
<p>1992–present –Conventual Franciscans from Our Lady of Consolation Province, Mount St. Francis, Indiana, administer Our Lady of Mount Carmel.</p><br>
<h2>Photo gallery</h2><br>
<h3>May 1936</h3><br>
<h3>July 2009</h3><br>
<p>The Montauk Association Historic District is a 100 acre historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. It is a complex of large Shingle style cottages for wealthy New York City families&#39; summer use, designed by McKim, Mead and White within a site plan designed by Frederick Law Olmsted in 1881. In 1976, the district included nine buildings deemed to be contributing to the historic character of the area, and two other contributing sites. It is bounded on the south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by the hamlet of Ditch Plains, and on the north and east by marsh and scrubland.</p><br>
<p>It includes seven large Shingle style homes that, together with a clubhouse and other supporting buildings, comprised the Montauk Association, and which were built during 1881–1884. The Montauk Association as an entity no longer exists. The district also includes the sites of two former buildings of the Montauk Association, a community laundry and a community stable, which remain as archeological sites. Another former building, the casino and clubhouse of the association, was burned in 1933 and has been replaced by a modern house, the Tweed House. Another modern house, the Wright House, stands separately to the northwest of the complex of cottages. There are also several small sheds and garages which are unobtrusive and do not unduly detract.</p><br>
<p>The seven cottages are:</p><br>
<p>Agnew Cottage (1884)</p><br>
<p>Benson House (1883)</p><br>
<p>Sanger House (1883)</p><br>
<p>Hoyt House (1883)</p><br>
<p>Andrews House (1884)</p><br>
<p>de Forest House (1882)</p><br>
<p>Orr House (1883)</p><br>
<p>All seven were designed by McKim, Mead and White and are placed carefully in the natural landscape, conforming to a site plan designed by landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted. They were placed into the natural landscape and linked by pathways, leaving the natural landscape mostly undisturbed.</p><br>
<p>The Stone Plantation, also known as the Young Plantation and the Barton Warren Stone House, is a historic Greek Revival-style plantation house and one surviving outbuilding along the Old Selma Road on the outskirts of Montgomery, Alabama. It had been the site of a plantation complex, and prior to the American Civil War it was known for cotton production worked by enslaved people.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on September 28, 2000; and listed as one of the National Register of Historic Places for architecture on December 31, 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Early history and the Stone family</h2><br>
<p>The Stone Plantation was built by Barton Warren Stone (March 24, 1800–January 14, 1884), the son of Warren Henley Stone of Poynton Manor in Charles County, Maryland and Martha Bedell of Alamance County, North Carolina. His parents established a plantation, "Magnolia Crest", in Lowndes County in the 1830s, and it still survives a few miles west of this plantation. Barton Stone&#39;s plantation house, known to his family simply as the "Home Place," was one of three plantation houses that he owned. His other two houses were "Duck Pond" and "Prairie Place."</p><br>
<p>By 1860, Stone owned 83 enslaved people, and 5,000 acre in Montgomery County, with an additional 2,000 acre in Autauga County. The Stone Plantation was known for cotton production, and contained one cotton gin.</p><br>
<p>The property was acquired by L.C. Young in 1901, and then by Jesse D. Baggett in 1933.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The two-story brick masonry house, fronted by a monumental Doric hexastyle portico, was built circa 1852, for Barton Warren Stone. It was built in a Neoclassical Greek Revival style, with some influence by Italianate style. The grounds of the property included a fruit orchard, and mature camellias and azaleas. It retains the exterior smoke house.</p><br>
<p>The Book site is an archaeological site in Juniata County, Pennsylvania, United States. Consisting of the remnants of a burial mound and a prehistoric village, the site lies on both sides of Camp Resort Road in Beale Township, near the community of Beale.</p><br>
<h2>Archaeology</h2><br>
<p>Since the first white settlement of Juniata County, the area now named the Book site has been known as a location of prehistoric interest; local tradition held that it was once occupied by an Indian fort. By the middle of the nineteenth century, skeletons were being removed from the mound as the result of cultivation, and individuals periodically dug in the mound into the 1920s. A professional investigation of the site was conducted in the summer and autumn of 1929; the archaeologists discovered a wide range of pottery, many projectile points, and a large number of bones, including twenty-two skulls. The combination of artifacts and the site&#39;s location slightly above a large stream have led to its identification as a work of the Clemson Island culture (AD 700-1300) during the early Late Woodland period.</p><br>
<p>Fields to the north and east of the mound have also been known to produce small artifacts, such as stone chips and flakes. Unlike the mound, the surrounding fields have never been excavated professionally; however, as all other known mounds of the Clemson Island culture are associated with villages, the presence of the artifacts in the fields indicates that a village site was once located in the fields to the north of the mound.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>Comparison with similar sites in New York indicates that the Book site is among the earliest Late Woodland sites in central Pennsylvania. Moreover, the large amount of Clemson Island pottery makes it a type site for this kind of pottery; consequently, the Book site is a prime archaeological site. In 1986, the site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in recognition of its archaeological value.</p><br>
<p>The former District 10 School is located just north of state highways 28 and 30 south of Margaretville, New York, United States. It is a stone one-room schoolhouse built, demolished and rebuilt in the middle of the 19th century.</p><br>
<p>It was the only structure left standing in the large area condemned by New York City when nearby Pepacton Reservoir was built. Today it serves as a local history museum. In 1998 it and its privy were listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Property</h2><br>
<p>The school and privy are at the end of a small unpaved road leading north from the highway about 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Margaretville, just north of the reservoir. The area around the school is wooded and otherwise undeveloped. The East Branch of the Delaware River, the waterway impounded to create the reservoir, is a short distance to the northwest.</p><br>
<p>The main building is a small one-story structure, 36 by, of fieldstone walls and foundation with a gabled roof covered in asphalt shingles, pierced by a small bell tower at the front and a brick chimney at the rear. Clapboard fills in the gable ends. A single paneled door is centrally located in the south (front) facade; there are three windows on either side and two on the rear. A stone step leads up to the front door, supplemented by a modern wooden wheelchair ramp. At the left, five feet (1.75 m) off the ground is a datestone with "1820" on it.</p><br>
<p>Inside a small vestibule opens into the main schoolroom, with wooden floors, walls in horizontal wood siding to four feet (1.3 m) and pressed tin above joining a similar ceiling. A box stove is at the rear, and blackboards and desks and other school items, some original, are located within.</p><br>
<p>The privy is northeast of the school. It is a small frame building, 6½ by 10½ feet (2 by 3.2 m) on a stone foundation, sided in clapboard with an asphalt roof. There are two rooms, one for boys and another for girls.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Dunraven had its own school as early as 1765, when a wooden school was built somewhere in the vicinity. It burned sometime between its construction and 1820, when a local couple conveyed the small lot where the school stands now to the school district with the condition that it could only be used for educational or religious purposes by them or any subsequent owner. The townspeople built a school of fieldstone, an unusual material for a schoolhouse in upstate New York but probably understandable in Dunraven due to its local abundance. Its appearance is not known, although it may have been similar to the current building. The original privy, whose exact date of construction is not known, had no separate toilets.</p><br>
<p>By 1857 the school had fallen into disrepair, and was apparently torn down. The stones were saved to be rebuilt with new mortar in 1860. Eighty years later, in 1940, the small local districts were centralized, and the school became the property of the Margaretville Central School District.</p><br>
<p>After World War II, when New York City began the process of acquiring and condemning land for Pepacton Reservoir, it first attempted to overturn the deed restriction in order to demolish the school. It was unsuccessful, and after it abandoned the attempt the district tried to sell the building. Voters rejected the proposal, and the district then transferred the property to the Town of Middletown for use as a historical museum. It also serves some other public purposes.</p><br>
<p>Glimmerglass Historic District is a national historic district located near Cooperstown in Otsego County, New York. The 15,000 acre district encompasses parts of three towns, Otsego, Springfield, and Middlefield and the village of Cooperstown. It encompasses the physical and social sphere of Otsego Lake and its immediate environs. It includes 1,475 contributing features, some of which were previously listed including the Cooperstown Historic District, USA Post Office , and Hyde Hall in Glimmerglass State Park.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
